1. 2 1 4 5 3 6 Zheng He Samuel de Champlain James Cook Vasco da Gama
Ferdinand Magellan
Samuel de Champlain
Christopher Columbus
James Cook
Vasco da Gama 2 5 3

2. Navigation
Compass = magnetize a needle by rubbing it on a piece of lodestone (magnetic rock). When the needle floated on the water it pointed north.
Now sailors could lose sight of land and stars w/out losing their direction.

3. Mariner’s Compass (late 1500s)

4. Galley

5. Improved Spanish ships

6. Prince Henry the Navigator Portugal
Set up school for navigation 1418
Responsible for much of Europe’s explorations and enslavement of Africans

7. Christopher Columbus
Believed sailing west provided a shorter route to Asia.
Spanish king Ferdinand and Queen Isabella funded his voyage.
sailed west across the Atlantic. Landed on a small island (Caribbean)
Columbus claimed the land for Spain.
However, Columbus thought the Islands were off the East coast of India. Therefore, he named the Islands the Indies and its inhabitants Indians.
Treaty of Tordesillas- Divided new lands b/w Spain & Portugal

13. Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange was a dramatically widespread exchange of animal, plants, culture (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres

15. What was the impact of the discoveries of Columbus?????

16. Impact on Native Americans
Europeans were learning of the profitability of the plantation system – relying on what?
Economic benefit of using local forced labor
Disease – Europeans, unknowingly brought measles, mumps, chickenpox, smallpox, typhus and others.
The local people had no built-up natural immunity to these diseases yet.

17. Impact on Africans
With decline of native work force, labor was needed from elsewhere.
Slave trade exploded, especially in Western Africa
Over the next 300 years ( ) almost 20 million people were taken

18. Impact on Europeans Thousands of Europeans crossed Atlantic
Overseas expansion caused rivalry & war
Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494
Growth of trade markets completely changed the world FOREVER.

19. Impact on America & World
New diversity of population
North America and World benefitted from new foods and technologies
Deforestation
Cash crops and staple crops

20. Important Changes
Monarchs support exploration

21. Mercantilism
Mercantilism- A country should try to get and keep as much bullion, gold or silver as possible. This is done by having more exports than imports.
Slavery

22. Colonies Source of raw material and precious metals
Many colonies forbid by mother country from selling to other countries.
Some also forbid colonies from buying foreign goods.
Colonies forbid from manufacturing goods.
Justification = colonies existed to benefit the mother country.

23. Vasco Da Gama 1498 Portugal Promoted Spice Trade. Portugal – India
Sailed around Cape of Good Hope (Africa)
6,000% profit (Ginger & Cinnamon)
Sea routes made trade quicker. Eliminated tolls, road blocks, etc.

24. Champlain
Founded the first successful French colony of North America. Quebec. “Father of New France” 1608
Mapped Atlantic shores all the way to Massachusetts.
Traveled to Great Lakes.
Quebec was chosen b/c of its high ground and proximity to the St. Lawrence River.
FUR TRADE

27. FUR TRADE
The fur trade was very important the major development of New France. (Quebec)
Indians traded furs with French.
Furs used for clothing and shipped to Europe.
Very profitable for the French.
What is going to happen to the animal population?

28. Ferdinand Magellan
Portuguese explorer. First to circumnavigate the world
Named the Pacific Ocean
Officially proves that world is round!

29. James Cook From Great Britain Claimed Australia for British
Used by the British as penal colony

32. Zheng He Famous Admiral/explorer of the Ming Dynasty 1402
Collect Tribute and show Ming dominance
Ming became rich based off of his voyages