1. Summaries of Organisms

2. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Bacteria
Simpler, smaller
Eukaryotic:
Everything Else
More complex, larger

3. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles
Ribosomes
DNA is circular
Eukaryotic:
Nucleus
Membrane-bound organelles
(mitochondria, chloroplast, etc.)
DNA is in chromosomes (small pieces)

4. Prokaryotes:
Cell Structure: Prokaryotic
Unicellular or Multicellular: unicellular
Nucleus?: NO
Cell Wall?: PRESENT
Cell Wall Material: peptidoglycan
How they get food: autotrophic/heterotrophic
Locomotion?: SOME

5. Protists:
Cell Structure: Eukaryotic
Unicellular or Multicellular: most unicellular
Nucleus?: YES
Cell Wall?: SOME
Cell Wall Material: cellulose
How they get food: autotrophic/heterotrophic
Locomotion?: SOME

6. The EUKARYOTIC KINGDOMS
Protists:
Examples: amoeba, paramecium, Giardia, algae

7. Fungi:
Cell Structure: Eukaryotic
Unicellular or Multicellular: most multicellular
Nucleus?: YES
Cell Wall?: YES
Cell Wall Material: chitin
Nutrition: heterotrophic
Locomotion?: ABSENT

8. The EUKARYOTIC KINGDOMS
Fungi:
Examples: mushrooms, yeast, “Athlete’s foot”, bracket fungi, puffballs

9. PLANTS:
Cell Structure: Eukaryotic
Unicellular or Multicellular: multicellular
Nucleus?: YES
Cell Wall?: YES
Cell Wall Material: cellulose
Nutrition: autotrophic
Locomotion?: ABSENT

10. The EUKARYOTIC KINGDOMS
Plants:
Examples: trees, roses, grass

11. Animals:
Cell Structure: Eukaryotic
Unicellular or Multicellular: multicellular
Nucleus?: YES
Cell Wall?: ABSENT
Cell Wall Material: NONE
Nutrition: heterotrophic
Locomotion?: PRESENT

12. The EUKARYOTIC KINGDOMS
Animals:
Examples: dog, whale, human, starfish

13. Asexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction:
Definition: One parent produces one or more offspring genetically identical to itself without the fusion of gametes or exchange of genetic material (DNA)
Offspring: Genetically identical to parents

14. Asexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction:
Examples: Mitosis, Binary fission (bacteria), cloning, spontaneous generation (ex. starfish, sponge), budding (yeast)

15. Asexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction:
Advantages: One parent needed, faster
Disadvantages: No genetic variation

16. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction:
Definition: Production and fusion of sex cells (gametes) and/or the exchange of genetic material
Offspring: Genetically different from parents and usually each other

17. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction:
Examples: Meiosis (sperm/egg, pollen/ovule) and conjugation (bacteria)

18. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction: Advantages: Genetic VARIATION
Disadvantages: 2 parents (or male/female gamete-producing parts) needed, slower