2. The Quest for a Malaria Vaccine
APPMG-BEAD Meeting
February, 2006
Dr. Melinda Moree, Director
PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative

3. Existing Malaria Interventions

4. Vaccines
A material originating from a microorganism or other parasite that induces an immunologically mediated resistance to disease.
Successful Vaccines….
Induce the right type of immune response (antibody—T cells)
Induce an immune response to the right antigens
Induce an immune response that persists

5. Estimated and Reported Polio Cases,
* data as of 12 February 2003
Source: V&B/WHO 12 Feb 2003
data from 191 WHO member states

6. Why is public sector involvement critical?
Perception 1:
Classical market forces are insufficient to drive malaria vaccine development
Perception 2:
Malaria vaccines are not technically feasible

7. Deaths from HIV/AIDS, TB & Malaria

8. Vaccine Economics 88% 12% $4.9 B $1.2 B Low Income High Income Volume
100%
88%
12%
$4.9 B
$1.2 B
Low Income
50%
High Income
Volume
Revenue
Mercer Management Consulting Report to GAVI 2002

9. Model of net cash flow over product lifetime
Profitable vaccines +$
Malaria
Vaccines
Preclinical
Clinical
Licensure -$
Model of net cash flow over product lifetime

10. MISSION
To accelerate the development of malaria vaccines and ensure their availability and accessibility for the developing world.

11. Developing any vaccine is hard
Laboratory
Pre-clinical
Phase 1a, 2a
Phase 1b
Phase 3
Phase 2b
Can take years to develop a product. Cost hundreds of millions of dollars.

12. Developing a Malaria Vaccine is Hard
Virus
~100 genes
Bacteria
~2000 Genes
Parasites
(P. falciparum)
5200 genes

13. The Parasite

14. Pre-erythrocytic Development: 13 Clinical trial: 4 Product-like: 8
(vaccines to prevent infection and impact clinical disease)
Development: 13
Clinical trial: 4
Product-like: 8

15. Blood-stage (vaccines to lessen disease)
Development: 37
Clinical trial: 9
Product-like: 28

16. Mosquito-stage (vaccines to prevent transmission)
Development: 2
Clinical trial: 0
Product-like: 2

17. Multi-stage
Development: 6
Clinical trial: 2
Product-like: 2

18. Development: 58 Clinical Trials: 15 Product like: 40
The Global Malaria Vaccine Development Effort
Development: 58
Clinical Trials: 15
Product like:

19. MVI Vaccine Development Projects
Oxford
Walter Reed
GSK
ICGEB
GenVec
MVDB +8
MVI is currently supporting 9 malaria vaccine development projects. This support spans 5 continents, and involves the development of 13 individual vaccines. Within the next year 6 clinical trials are anticipated with over half of these taking place in Africa.
The red stars represent the vaccine developers…
MOUSE CLICK … while the blue stars represent the chief partners that are receiving MVI support.
QIMR
Monash
La Trobe

21. Proof of Concept

22. MAL026 Proof of Concept for RTS,S Malaria Vaccine

23. Can We Afford a Malaria Vaccine?

24. The Vision
A world in which people are free from malaria

25. Advance Market Commitments
Donor governments agree to buy vaccine IF it meets certain specs IF it’s developed and IF countries demand it…create a market incentive for development.
Malaria – Unique case as little developed-country market.
Gordon Brown, UK Chancellor of Exchequer – UK ready to implement APC for malaria
G8 Governments and Ministers of Finance - July 2005 – Committed to pursue further. Italy leading with WB support.

26. What Would an AMC do for Malaria Vaccines?
Manage risk and increasing predictability:
Signaling to manufacturers
Signaling to countries to allow early and forwarding planning
Synergy with strong push funding:
Increases speed of testing products
Ensures that products are consistent with priorities and realities in developing world
Draw additional manufacturers
Speed second and third generation products more quickly

27. Estimates of AMC Amounts and Associated Impact
Preliminary estimates for size of malaria vaccine AMC (MVI, Italian MoF/World Bank);
$4.5-5 billion in future dollars ($ billion in net present value at 6% interest)
Works out to $ M/year over 15 years
Preliminary estimates of social impact, conservatively (MVI):
2-3 MM deaths prevented over life of AMC
at very cost-effective levels (on order of $2500/death averted)

28. Dr. Melinda Moree PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative
Tel: