1. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
BUILDING ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS or BEMS

2. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Controls? – Why do we need them:
Legislation ADL2A – SECTION 1 paragraph 40
Systems should be provided with appropriate controls to enable the achievement of reasonable standard of energy efficiency in use, and
Systems should be sub-divided into separate control zones to correspond to each area of the building which as a different solar exposure, pattern, type of use, and
Each separate control zone should be capable of independent timing, temperature control on each service like heating, ventilation, domestic hot water and air conditioning, and
The provision of service should respond to the requirements of the space it serves. If both heating and cooling are provided then they should be controlled so as not to operate simultaneously, and
Central plant should only operate as and when each the zone systems require it. The default condition should be OFF.

3. History of Conventional Controls and BEMS:
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
History of Conventional Controls and BEMS:
What was the first control:
What came next:
What came next :
The Human hand via a switch/ starter
The single thermostat
The dual thermostat
The single time switch
Control valves, two and three port
Weather Compensation controller
Programmable Weather Compensation controller with clock
Zone valves, two and three port
Thermostatic Radiator Valves
Programmable day & week programmer
Multi-boiler sequencer
JEL optimiser with optimum ‘on & ‘off’
JEL EMS which included the above
JEL EMS with day economy and boiler isolation via valves
Hollec BEMS which housed everything above plus metering
Hollec is now TREND
This Slide will take you through the key elements of conventional control and hopefully you will see the link between this and Building energy management systems.

4. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Optimum Stop/ Start Controller
Conventional controls
Boiler sequence Control Unit
Time Control

5. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Conventional controls

6. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Conventional controls

7. What is ‘Building Energy Management System’:
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
What is ‘Building Energy Management System’:
The means to accept analogue and digital input data from external devices and convert the data into signals to bring on plant and equipment to provide an adequate internal environment with the least amount of energy to sustain it.
A Building Energy Management system is a new state of the art electronic device that can accept data, record, log, convert and transmit signals to individual devices to ask them to either come ‘on’ or ‘off’, to provide an adequate internal environment. Also to monitor the environment and provide visualisation of the working and alarm of non-working profiles of the building and its services. It can collect fuel data and provide accurate information that can be used for billing and exception reporting.
This slide give us the definition of what Building Energy Management System is all about

8. Building Energy Management System Puzzle:
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LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Building Energy Management System Puzzle:
So therefore what is the big question about Building Energy Management Systems?
What is it?

9. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
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LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
INPUTS
CONTROLLER
OUTPUTS
Temperature
Pressure
Humidity
Analogue
maths
PID
logic
Analogue
Modulated
Run,
Fault,
Trip,
from plant
Digital On
Digital
On/Off
The modern way is to use a computer like the one I am presenting. It as to be programmed for it to work. The Controller acts as the Brain between the inputs and outputs. Therefore it needs inputs from the items listed. The brain does some mathematical calculations and produces some outputs to achieve the required time, temperature and logic of control. For example, run the pump only if there is a heating demand, the safety circuits is OK and the building is in occupancy.
The software in the controller is purpose designed allowing engineers to set the style of control needed. Typical functions included are:
Occupancy schedules, Optimum start and stop, Weather compensation, Boiler sequencing, Lead Lag etc.
Each site stands alone and houses its strategy in its own controller as detailed on the slide. Can also provide alarms when the plant has failed but these need setting up, they are not automatic. Also, with these alarms they need transmitting to a place were they can be acted upon. This means a designated telephone line.
Pulse
Fuel meters
The BEMS IQ Controller

10. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Outstations
Main plant controllers
Area Network
Terminal unit
controllers
Via Internet
The “system” comprises all these elements in a mix suitable for the application.
Allowing different types/sizes of controller,
Different supervisory devices
Telephone or other commercial network links like Ethernet, feature net X25, etc.
Typically, single network systems are installed in small Office blocks, Schools, Town halls, Sports Centres.
To re-emphasize:
The system is made up of intelligent controllers used directly for plant control which are then networked to enable the BENEFITS of a BMS, to be realised.
Key pad in Buildings
Other controllers
Supervisors
Simple building BEMS network
Palm Unit

11. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
19/05/2018
maths
logic
PID
Alarms
Times
Logs
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
The Current Controller
Analogue
Temperature
Pressure
Humidity
Digital
Run / fault
Pulsed
Meters
Inputs
Modulating or
on/off valves
Time control for boilers, chillers etc.
Outputs
This is the new controller we are using (IQ3) and it provides us with the potential to meter read as well as building control. It also gives us the potential to Web browse and provide Building Managers with a dynamic pictures on what’s happening with their plant and system and the potential to change specific settings. All this is being developed currently and is bring our activities inline with the current and future Building regulations and European Directives.
Alarm Management via & SMS

12. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
This slide shows dynamic pictures of the plant real time data plus the alarms that is required by ADL2A
Dynamic Mimics
Run / fault Alarms

13. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
This slide shows the building blocks of the control strategy to create a change in the internal environment from information received from the numerous sensors picking up the data. The slide shows variable temperature control in the Admin zone of a building.

14. The Future Architecture
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
This is the future where by we can visually present building operational data to the community on their public buildings through the visual screens housed in the foyers of the buildings. This new strategy also falls inline with the EPC, DEC and Building log book which the new building regulations and the European Directive wants us to present, inform and educate our communities.
The Future Architecture

15. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
System Architecture:
This slide shows us the architecture we had to develop to make sure we received the same data the suppliers received and also to produce the exception reports. You will notice that the BEMS system was used to collect the data and then was visible via the central supervisor. The data was also sent to energy accounting companies to develop the exception reports.

16. aM&T – Automatic Monitoring and Targeting
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
aM&T – Automatic Monitoring and Targeting
This slide shows us the top hat of a buildings daily profile. It also shows you the methodology used to track but also develop the next days energy profile through hysteresis control with control and alert levels set. From the alert levels we received exception reports.
‘Control’ Operational level
‘Alert’
operational level
Principles of Monitoring and Targeting- static and automatic

17. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Why do we need to do It?
Kyoto Agreement
The Kyoto Agreement commits Britain to keep annual greenhouse emissions during the period 2008 to 2012 to 12% below 1990 levels.
EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2003
Article 7 requires the production of:–
Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs or Asset Ratings)
Display Energy Certificates (DEC)
Required for buildings with a total useful area of 1000sq.m occupied by public authorities, intuitions providing public services to a large number of persons and therefore frequently visited by these persons
Building Regulation Part ADL2A & ADL2B
Just read out the key points and emphasize the link with EPC, DEC, Building log book, Advisory report and the recommendation report.

18. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
19/05/2018
LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
What will It provide:
Can Provide half hourly data for each service utility
Can provide Energy monitoring management of our buildings and performance of each control and plant element.
Can provide Automatic daily profiling of the building’s energy requirements.
Contributes to the removal of ‘estimated’ bills surrounding conventional billing service through more accurate control of the environment and plant.
Offers our business reliable and accurate visualisation of control and plant performance for consumed energy
Provides a means to monitor our carbon emissions against the European Directive and Government targets
Gives us a visualisation on how our building is being controlled and whether it is in acceptable control limits.
Just read through each element and provide a big more back ground

19. LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
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LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING
Benefits:
Accurate and reliable bills based on actual meter readings
Reduce electricity, gas and water usage and costs
Greater purchasing flexibility through accurate procurement forecasting
Pro-active energy management, based on real time data
Compliance with legislation on energy consumption management
Provides a vehicle for reducing and managing CO² emissions via better analysis of accurate and timely data
Provides the means to maintain a sustainable environment for our building users through better control of its services and reduced carbon emissions
Just read through each element and provide a big more back ground

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ANY QUESTIONS OR FEEDBACK
Any questions or clarity needed over this topic and slides 20