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Figure 1. Sampling sites in northeastern Japan. A
Figure 1. Sampling sites in northeastern Japan. A. Nagazuraura (38°33′26.7″N, 141°27′27.7″E). B. Mangokuura (38°25′39.6″N, 141°22′44.3″E). C. Katsugigaura (38°20′52.9″N, 141°09′16.0″E). D. Torinoumi (38°01′51.1″N, 140°54′31.4″E). E. Matsukawaura (37°49′22.9″N, 140°57′23.2″E). Numbers beside sampling sites indicate inundation height of tsunami (recorded at closest location to each site), based on Mori et al. (2011). Abbreviations: x, epicenter of 2011 Tohoku Earthquake; dotted line, region hit by large tsunami. From: Destruction of populations of Batillaria attramentaria (Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae) by tsunami waves of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake J Molluscan Stud. 2012;78(4): doi: /mollus/eys025 J Molluscan Stud | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Malacological Society of London, all rights reserved
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Figure 2. Density of Batillaria attramentaria before (grey bars) and after (white bars) the tsunami. Asterisks indicate the absence of snails in quadrats. Error bars represent ± SE. From: Destruction of populations of Batillaria attramentaria (Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae) by tsunami waves of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake J Molluscan Stud. 2012;78(4): doi: /mollus/eys025 J Molluscan Stud | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Malacological Society of London, all rights reserved
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Figure 3. Mean shell size of Batillaria attramentaria before (grey bars) and after (white bars) the tsunami. Error bars represent ± SE. From: Destruction of populations of Batillaria attramentaria (Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae) by tsunami waves of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake J Molluscan Stud. 2012;78(4): doi: /mollus/eys025 J Molluscan Stud | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Malacological Society of London, all rights reserved
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Figure 4. Example of broken shells found at Mangokuura
Figure 4. Example of broken shells found at Mangokuura. An enlarged photograph of the shell aperture is shown on the right. The arrow indicates the broken part of the shell. From: Destruction of populations of Batillaria attramentaria (Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae) by tsunami waves of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake J Molluscan Stud. 2012;78(4): doi: /mollus/eys025 J Molluscan Stud | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Malacological Society of London, all rights reserved
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