1. Natural Disaster’s Week
Earthquakes & tsunamis

4. Earthquake Terms Earthquake: Movement of rock bodies past each other
Fault: Focus of earthquake movement
Faults can be judged by mm to the separtation of lithospheric plates (San Andreas for instance)
Focus: Site of initial rupture
Epicenter: point on surface above the focus

14. Richter Scale 0.5= hand grenade 1.0= Construction Blast
2.0= WWII Conventional Bomb
3.0= WWII Massive Ordinance Bomb
4.0= Small Atomic Bomb
5.0= Nagasaki Atomic Bomb
6.7= Northridge Earthquake, CA: 1994
6.9= San Francisco Earthquake, CA: 1989

15. Richter Scale Cont.
7.1= Magnitude equal to largest ever tested Thermonuclear Bomb
8.0= San Francisco, 1906: Mexico City, 1985: Sichuan China, 2008
8.5= Sumatra, India 2007
9.2= Anchorage Alaska, 1964: Largest recorded in US History
9.3= Indian Ocean, 2004
9.5= Valdivia, Chile, 1960: Largest Recorded Earthquake
10.0= Never Recorded

16. San Andreas Fault

26. April 18, 1906 San Francisco Earthquake: 8.0, 3,000 killed

27. Actual Film Footage of the 1906 Quake

31. Sept 19, 1985 Mexico City Earthquake: 8.1, 10,00 killed

37. May 12, 2008 Sichuan, China Earthquake: 8.1, 69,000 killed

40. October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta (San Francisco) Earthquake: 6
October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta (San Francisco) Earthquake: 6.9, 63 killed

43. Actual Footage Near the Epicenter

44. The Destruction

45. Haiti: 2010
On January 12, 2010 a 7.0 earthquake hit Port-au- Prince, Haiti
33 aftershocks recorded
14 registered
230,000 dead (and climbing)
300,000 injured
1 million homeless

46. Check-out the City Below

47. Injured

48. March 27, 1964 Good Friday Earthquake (Anchorage Alaska):9
March 27, 1964 Good Friday Earthquake (Anchorage Alaska):9.2, 161 killed

51. Not Just an Earthquake

52. Crescent City, CA Tsunami
1 ½ hours after earthquake hit Alaska the 1st of 4 waves hit Crescent City, CA
The first was 21 ft and they only got bigger

53. My Hometown

54. The Destruction $15 Million in Damages 91 houses destroyed
21 Boats Destroyed
172 Businesses Damaged or Destroyed
11 People Killed: The only people killed by a Tsunami hitting the West Coast

55. Where The Waves Hit

60. History Does Teach Lessons

61. Earthquakes can strike at anytime
However we can and have perfected ways to deal with their destructive capabilities
Innovation in preparedness
Knowing what to do it if and when it happens
Building codes in earthquake zones
Stabilizers and shocks
Shatter proof windows
New Materials

62. Bell-Ringer #20
In no less than (7) sentences, write a summary on what you have learned through the course of Natural Disaster Week.
Any recommendations for the future w/ this week?
What did you like/dislike?

63. Announcements 1- Natural Disaster & Asia Quiz (Block day this week)
2- Notebook Check (Block day)
20 Bell-Ringers
Updated T.O.C.
Notes (Updated)
3- Current Event (Block day)---Religion
4- Friday---late assignments are due!!

64. Announcements (Cont.) 1- There will be a CUMULATIVE FINAL!
I will provide a study guide sometime this week; more than likely Friday.
I will not ask any questions that are NOT a part of that study guide.

65. TSUNAMI’S

66. What is a Tsunami? Japanese word meaning “Harbor Wave”
Caused by disturbances in the Ocean: Most common is an earthquake, but also volcano eruption
Waves generated outward like a rock in a pond
Waves average 450 mph
Wave sizes can very

70. Dec. 26, 2004: Earthquake Triggers the largest and most destructive Tsunami in History

71. Dec. 26, 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: over 225,000 killed

72. Pay Attention to the Fountain

73. Cool Videos: Excuse the Language

79. Koh Pui Thailand

81. US and World Response
Nation’s from all over the world pledged millions of dollars in relief
The United States Pledged $350 million
Former Presidents George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton helped in the efforts
Private Sector money donated equaled $515 million
President George W. Bush donated $16,000 from his own bank account

82. How to Prepare for a Tsunami

83. Tsunami Warning System (TWS) Overview
26 nations participate in the program- if any of these nations detect seismic activity in the ocean they warn other nations

84. Tsunami Warning Centers
NOAA- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NWS- National Weather Service
Together, the NOAA and NWS operate 2 tsunami warning centers in the world
One is located in Palmer, Alaska
It warns Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California if a tsunami is eminent

85. Tsunami Warning Centers
A second warning center is located in Ewa Beach, Hawaii
It warns any Pacific Ocean nation of eminent threat from a tsunami
These 2 centers, as well as the 26 member nations of the Tsunami Warning System (TWS), are in charge of detecting and warning the world of tsunamis

86. How Are Warnings Transmitted to the World?
IF a tsunami has been detected, the 2 watch centers will issue warnings to every local, state, and national government in the potentially affected area
The governments will broadcast the warning to people over TV and radio
Sirens are also set up along coastal cities in countries like Thailand, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, etc.
The NOAA Weather Radio System will also broadcast the warning to people over the radio
In the end, governments are in charge of coordinating evacuations and emergency relief
How does the wealth of a country affect its ability to evacuate/warn/rescue people from tsunamis?