1. Sports Medicine Mrs. Smojver
Anatomical terms
Sports Medicine
Mrs. Smojver

2. anatomical positions

3. The Anatomical Position
Erect stance, arms at the sides, palms facing forward

4. Anatomical Planes Frontal (coronal) Sagittal Transverse
Vertical plane that separates the body into front and back halves
Sagittal
Vertical plane that divides the body into left and right halves (midline is through center of the body)
Transverse
Horizontal plane that divides the body into the top and bottom halves

5. Anatomical Planes

6. Anterior Refers to the front of the body
The sternum is anterior to the heart

7. Posterior Refers to the back of the body
The spine in posterior to the lungs

8. medial lateral Closest to the midline of the body
The nose is medial to the ears.
Furthest away from the midline of the body
The wrist is lateral to the hip.

9. **ONLY TO BE USED WHEN SPEAKING ABOUT LIMBS**
proximal
Distal
Toward (or closer to) the attachment of a limb (arm/leg) to the trunk (at shoulder or hip)
The wrist is proximal to the fingers.
Away from (or further from) the attachment of the limb (arm/leg) to the trunk (at shoulder or hip)
The ankle is distal to the knee.
**ONLY TO BE USED WHEN SPEAKING ABOUT LIMBS**

10. superior
inferior
A point or structure that is higher than another on the body
The head is superior to the abdomen
A point or structure that is lower than another on the body
The diaphragm is inferior to the heart.

11. dorsal ventral The front (or underside) of a structure (hand or foot)
Also palmar in hand
Plantar in foot
Volar in hand and foot
The back of a structure (hand or foot)

12. superficial deep Close to the body’s surface
The skin is superficial to the bones.
Away from the body’s surface
The muscles are deep to the skin.

13. What am i? I am superior to the mouth but inferior to the eyes.
Nose
I am the most proximal point on the arm.
shoulder
I am medial to the arm, inferior to the neck, and superior to the abdomen.
Thorax
I am the most lateral finger.
Thumb
I am distal on the arm but superior to the wrist.
Forearm

14. Anatomical Regions

15. Cephalic Region
The head

16. Thoracic Region
The upper spine and chest cavity

17. Abdominal Region
The stomach area from below the ribs to the hips

18. Pelvic Region
The hip

19. Anatomical Regions

20. Skeletal references

21. Skeletal References Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton
Includes the body (trunk) from head to hips
Includes the arms and legs

22. Anatomical Movements

23. Flexion & Extension Flexion Extension
A bending movement at a joint away from its straightened position
Extension
Straightening a joint that returns it to its anatomical position

24. Flexion Plantar Flexion Dorsiflexion
Movement at the ankle pointing the foot downward
Movement at the ankle brining the toes closer to the shin

25. Abduction & Adduction Abduction adduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
adduction
Movement toward the midline of the body

26. Pronation & Supination
Turning the palm of the hand downward
Supination
Turning the palm of the hand upward

27. What do you believe is the most common sprained ankle?
Inversion & Eversion
Inversion
Turning the sole of the foot inward
Eversion
Turning the sole of the foot outward
What do you believe is the most common sprained ankle?

28. Protraction & Retraction
Movement of the scapulae away from one another
Retraction
When the scapulae are moved or pulled together

29. Rotation & Circumduction
The spinning or turning of a bony segment around an axis
Circumduction
Movement of a limb in a circular patter

30. Rotation Internal External Rotation towards the midline
Rotation away from the midline