1. M&E Basics Miguel Aragon Lopez, MD, MPH
M&E Basics Miguel Aragon Lopez, MD, MPH. UNAIDS M&E Senior Adviser 12th May 2009

2. A common understanding of M&E terminology is critical for:
Why Standardized M&E Terminology?
A common understanding of M&E terminology is critical for:
maintaining clear communication
taking a common approach
UNCT 26th February 2009

3. M&E Definitions: Why Standardized M&E Terminology?
Monitoring—routine tracking and reporting of priority information about a plan / program / project, its inputs and intended outputs, outcomes and impacts
Measurement of progress toward achieving program/project objectives; most often involves counting what we are doing.
UNCT 26th February 2009

4. M&E Definitions: Why Standardized M&E Terminology?
Evaluation—the rigorous, scientifically-based collection of information about plan / program / intervention activities, characteristics, and outcomes that determine the merit or worth of the program/intervention

5. The Purpose of M&E Program Improvement Data Sharing with Partners
Reporting/
Accountability

6. M&E Definitions: Results – RBM approach
UNDAF and agency programmes in terms of a hierarchy of SMART results which has five levels:
MDG related national priority/ goal (equated with impact)
UNDAF outcome, know in Moz also as pillars
Outcome of one or more agencies working together
Output usually of one agency, but possibly of more than one working together
Activity Result

7. M&E Definitions: Results – RBM approach
SMART Results S
pecific: Results must use change language – they must describe a specific future condition M
easurable: Results, whether quantitative or qualitative, must have measurable indicators, making it possible to assess whether they were achieved or not A
chievable: Results must be within the capacity of the UNCT and partners to achieve R
elevant: Results must make a contribution to selected priorities of the national development framework T
imebound: Results are never open-ended - there is an expected date of accomplishment

8. The chain of results: causal sequence for an intervention to achieve desired objective
OUTPUTS
ACTIVITIES
OUTCOMES
IMPACT
INPUTS
Quality of life
Conditions:
. Human
. Economic
. Civic
. Environment
MDGs:
. Poverty
. Morbidity
. Mortality
. HIV prevalence
. Education
. Employment
. Gender equality
. Services
- Access
- Quality
. Awareness
. Knowledge
. Attitude
. Capacities
. Competency
. Opinion
. Aspiration
. Motivation
. Behaviors
. Practices
. Decision
. Utilization
of services
.Infrastructure
. Human
. Finance
. Equipment
. Technology
. Policy
. Time
. Volunteers
. Partners
. Management
. Training
. Counseling
. Logistic
management
. Operation research
. BCC
. Conference
. Facilitation
. etc.
UNCT 26th February 2009
Measure process
Measure impact

9. -Formative Evaluation -Input/Output Monitoring
What & how well we are doing?
Planning
Implementation
Outcomes
-Formative Evaluation
(Planning and
Assessment)
-Input/Output Monitoring
-Process Evaluation
-Outcome Monitoring
-Outcome Evaluation
-Impact Monitoring
-Impact Evaluation

10. Baselines, targets and performance
Commitment
Performance
Current level of achievement
Baseline
Target
Achievement

11. WFP Emergency Operation M&E Framework Population-based Survey
RESULTS
Input
(Resources)
Activities
( Interventions,
Services)
Output
Targeted
women receiving
full family ration
Outcomes Increased
household food
supply
Impact Increased
consumption
especially W,
Ch & V Ind.
X kg maize,
X kg oil
X Kg other
Distribution of
Family ration to
Women
# of family
ration recipients
disaggregated
by gender
% of target house
Hold with adequate
Food supply
Average # of
Meals per day
by gender
and age
Program-based Data
Population-based Survey
Measure process
Measure impact

12. HIV/AIDS M&E Framework
Assessment & Planning
Input
(Resources)
Activities
( Interventions,
Services)
Output
(Immediate
Effects)
Outcomes (Intermediate Effects)
Impact (Long-term Effects)
Situation Analysis
Response Analysis
Stakeholder Needs
Resource Analysis
Collaboration plans
Staff
Funds
Materials
Facilities
Supplies
Trainings
Services
Education
Treatments
Interventions
# Staff Trained
# Condoms Provided
# Clients Served
# Tests Conducted
Provider Behavior
Risk Behavior
Service Use
Clinical Outcomes
Quality of Life
Social Norms
HIV prevalence
STI Incidence
AIDS Morbidity
AIDS Mortality
Economic Impact
Program Development Data
Program-based Data
Population-based Biological, Behavioral & Social Data
Measure process
Measure impact

13. one aspect of a program/project and useful to measure changes
M&E Definitions: Indicators
An Indicator is….
a variable
that measures
one aspect of a program/project and useful to measure changes
Indicators are measures used to monitor progress made towards the achievement of intended RESULTS, considering as the output, outcome or impact of a development intervention.

14. M&E Definitions: SMART Indicators
Specific: indicators need to measure what they claim to measure
Measurable: can be quantified and measured by some scale
Achievable: can data on the indicator actually be colleted?
Relevant: does it provide information that is relevant to the programme decision makers?
Time-bound: when is change expected?

15. Strategic Planning for M&E: Setting Realistic Expectations
All
Most
Some
Few*
Number of Projects
Input/ Output Monitoring
Process Evaluation
Outcome Monitoring / Evaluation
Impact Monitoring / Evaluation
Levels of Monitoring & Evaluation Effort 15

16. Key messages:
The main purpose of M&E is programme/project improvement.
M&E is not only about INDICATORS.
M&E is an essential management tool and it is present along programme/project implementation.
M&E starts with the planning process.

17. THANK YOU