2. Why Coordinated School Health?
Sondra Caillavet
MS Board of Education

3. with children’s health
Why?
If schools do not deal
with children’s health
by design, they deal
with it by default.
Health is Academic, 1997

4. Every day in Mississippi, we have an opportunity to reach…
494,590 public school students
152 School Districts
618 Elementary Schools/225 Secondary Schools
Over 64,300 adults work as teachers, school building staff, or school district staff

5. Why Coordinated School Health?
It is difficult for students to be successful in school if they are:
Depressed
Tired
Being bullied
Stressed
Sick
Using alcohol or other drugs
Hungry
Abused

6. Why Coordinated School Health
Why Coordinated School Health? 6 behaviors account for most of the serious illness and premature deaths in the US
Tobacco Use
Abuse of alcohol and other drug use
Unintentional injuries and violence
Sexual Behaviors resulting in HIV, sexually transmitted diseases or teenage pregnancy
Poor eating habits
Inadequate physical activity

7. Tobacco Use Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12

8. Alcohol Abuse Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12

9. Juvenile Crime Rate Arrest rate of persons under age 18 (per 100,000 persons age 10 to 17) in Mississippi, US FBI Arrest Statistics

10. Results of Poor Eating Habits and Physical Inactivity
Overweight is BMI for age > 95%
At risk of overweight: BMI for age > 85th percentile to < 95th percentile

11. Injury Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12
Policy Change – Wearing Seat Belts

12. Poor Eating Habits and Physical Inactivity 2003 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12MS
YRBSS US
Insufficient Physical Activity
82%
75%
Daily PE Class
23.4%
28.4%
>3 hrs TV/school day
54.1%
38.2%
<3 glasses milk/day
89%
82.9%
<5 daily servings fruit/vegetables
80%
78%
Risky sex – ever had sexual intercorse
Kolbo – grades 1-8 actual overweight 24% with 14.7% at risk – combined total 38.7%

13. Coordinated School Health Program Research supports the effort

14. MASLOW’S HEIRARCHY AND COORDINATED SCHOOL HEALTH
Health Education
Motivated and Learning
Physical Education
Health Services
Nutrition Services
Sense of Positive
Self-Esteem
Counseling, Psychological and Social Services
Sense of Belonging and
Importance
Sense of Being Loved and
Appreciated
Healthy School Environment
Health Promotion for Staff
Family/Community Involvement
Free of Fear and In A Safe place
Physical Health

15. Health Education
Reading and math scores of third and fourth grade students who received comprehensive health education were significantly higher than those who did not receive comprehensive health education
Schoener, Guerrero, and Whitney, 1988

16. Physical Education
Intensive physical activity programs for students led to an improvement in students’ scores in mathematics, reading, and writing and to a reduction in disruptive behaviors in the classroom Sallis, 1999

17. Health Services
Early childhood and school aged intervention programs that provide parental support and health services are associated with improved school performance and academic achievement.
Early intervention may also improve high school completion rates and lower juvenile crime.
Reynolds, Temple, Robertson, and Mann, 2001

18. Nutrition Services School breakfast programs:
Increase learning and academic achievement
Improve student attention to academic tasks
Reduce visits to the school nurse
Decrease behavior problems
Murphy, Pagano, Nachmani,
Sperling, Kane and Kleinman, 1998
Schools that have eliminated competitive foods and substituted them with nutritious choices report that students’ concentration and behavior improve.
Anderson, 2002

19. Counseling, Psychological and Social Services
A school-based social services program targeting students at risk for dropping out of school produced the following results:
Grade point average increased across all classes
School bonding increased
Self-esteem improved
Eggert,Thompson,Herting,Nicholas, and Dicker, 1994

20. Healthy School Environment
The physical condition of a school is statistically related to student academic achievement.
An improvement in the school’s condition by one category, say from poor to fair, is associated with a 5.5 point improvement in average achievement scores.
Berner, 1993

21. Health Promotion for Staff
Teachers who participated in a health promotion program focusing on exercise, stress management, and nutrition reported:
Increased participation in exercise and lower weight
Better ability to handle job stress
A higher level of general well-being
Blair, Collingwood, Reynolds,
Smith, Hagan and Sterling, 1984

22. Family/Community Involvement
Community activities that link to the classroom:
Positively impact academic achievement
Reduce school suspension rates
Improve school-related behaviors
Nettles, 1991
Allen, Philliber, Herring,
and Kupermine, 1997

23. Why Coordinated School Health? The alternative is costly
Hidden Costs to Schools
Measurable Costs to Schools
Costs to State

24. The Hidden Costs
Extra staff time needed for students with low academic performance or behavior problems caused by poor nutrition and physical inactivity.
Costs associated with time and staff needed to administer medications needed by students with associated health problems.
Healthcare costs, absenteeism, and lower productivity due to the effects of poor nutrition, inactivity and overweight among school employees.

25. Measurable Costs to State (2004-2005)
Statewide Enrollment: 494,590
ADA Statewide: 472,577
Statewide Attendance: 95%
$4,193 per student based on fully funded MAEP ( )
Statewide schools leaving $92,300,509 on table (not taking into consideration local contribution)
What are these numbers for your own school or school district?

26. Measurable Cost to Schools (Example)
School District: 3,000 Students
Each 1% attendance improvement =
$125,790

27. Community Costs “State of Health” in Mississippi
Obesity
$757,000,000 cost per year in MS; $444,000,000 paid by Medicare and Medicaid
Diabetes
# 2 state in the nation in Type II diabetes
Cardiovascular Disease
# 1 state in the nation in heart disease related deaths
In 2004, # 3 state in the nation in stroke related deaths
Cancer
# 5 state in the nation in cancer related deaths
Asthma
# 1 reason for school absenteeism in MS

28. Former Surgeon General Dr. Antonio Novello
“Health and education go hand in hand: one cannot exist without the other. To believe any differently is to hamper progress. Just as our children have a right to receive the best education available, they have a right to be healthy. As parents, legislators, and educators, it is up to us to see that this becomes a reality.”
Healthy Children Ready to Learn: An Essential Collaboration Between Health and Education, 1992
Former Surgeon General, Dr. Antonia Novello, noted how health and education are interrelated saying, “Health and education go hand in hand: one cannot exist without the other.” She went on to say that children have a right to be healthy and that families, schools, and policy-makers must ensure this becomes a reality.

29. Coordinated School Health
Make it a reality in your school!!

30. Resources
© 2002 Association of State and Territorial and Health Officials (ASTHO) and The Society of State Directors of Health, Physical Education and Recreation (SSDHPER)
Mississippi Department of Education
Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Center for Disease Control
State Juvenile Justice Profiles