1. Tools for your Biological Sciences Research (Life Sciences Year 1 Students)
Stephanie Ng (7 Feb 2017)
Loh Mee Lan (8 Feb 2017)

2. Outline Using the Library Information Sources
Overview of Search Strategies
Performing a search in BIOSIS Previews
Guides, Tools and Tips
Citations
Bibliographic Software & Introduction to EndNote

3. NUS Libraries Portal http://www.lib.nus.edu.sg
Important Links and Information
Searching for books, articles & more!
Library Opening Hours & Calendars
News & NUS Libraries

4. & LINC

6. Outline Assignment Cycle Using the Library Information Sources
Identify database based on topic
Develop search strategy
Select relevant articles
Obtain full text of identified articles
Import citations
Write assignment with references
Using the Library
Information Sources
Overview of Search Strategies
Performing a search in BIOSIS Previews
Guides, Tools and Tips
Citations
Bibliographic Software & Introduction to EndNote
Assignment Cycle

7. Types of Information Sources
Examples (Science)
Primary Sources
Presents the original research information and empirical data.
Experimental results
Theses & Dissertations
Conference Proceedings
Journal articles
Secondary Sources
Review or restate information in Primary Sources or other Secondary Sources.
Review articles
Bibliographies
Databases
Tertiary Sources
Provides overviews of topics by synthesizing information gathered from other sources.
Dictionaries
Encyclopedias
Textbooks
Video on the introduction to information sources

8. Types of Information Sources
Secondary Sources
Tertiary Sources
Primary Sources
Image from: California State University Library
Video on the information cycle

9. Recommended Online Resources
Type of Information
Recommended E-Resource
Multi-disciplinary Bibliographic Databases
Web of Science / Scopus
Biomedical & Life Sciences
BIOSIS Previews
Animal Biology & Taxonomic Reference
Zoological Record
Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Healthcare & Life Sciences
PubMed (MEDLINE)
Embase
Experimental Protocols and Demonstration Videos
Springer Protocols Wiley Current Protocols
JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments)
Chemical Substance Structure / Properties & Reaction Searching
Reaxys / SciFinder (registration)
Newspaper Articles / Local Content
Factiva / Lexis-Nexis / NewspaperSG

10. Outline Assignment Cycle Using the Library Information Sources
Identify database based on topic
Develop search strategy
Select relevant articles
Obtain full text of identified articles
Import citations
Write assignment with references
Using the Library
Information Sources
Overview of Search Strategies
Performing a search in BIOSIS Previews
Guides, Tools and Tips
Citations
Bibliographic Software & Introduction to EndNote
Assignment Cycle

11. Types of Database Searches
Keyword / Phrase Search e.g. Using “horseshoe crab” in Web of Science /Google
Field Search e.g. Using Raffles Bulletin of Zoology in the Publication Name field in Zoological Record
Subject Heading / Thesaurus Search e.g. Using neoplasms (instead of cancer) as a MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) term in PubMed

12. Boolean Connectors
OR - either of the terms may be present - used for broadening a search - e.g. roundworms OR nematodes
AND - both terms must be present
- used for narrowing a search e.g. parasites AND intestine
NOT - eliminate an unwanted concept or word e.g. parasites NOT flatworms
( ) – grouping words or phrases and specifying the order in which Boolean operations occur when multiple operations are present
e.g. (A OR B) AND C A OR (B AND C)

13. Exact vs. Wildcard Search
“ ’’- searches the exact phrase enclosed within the quotes e.g. “avian influenza”
* - represent any group of characters or no characters (useful for representing various forms of a term) e.g. biol* - for biology, biological, biologist, biologists
? - represent any single character (useful for singular/plural forms) e.g. cat?  - for cat, cats
  $ - represent one character or no characters e.g. behavio$r , colo$r , vapo$r   (useful for finding both British & American spellings)
Note: Wildcards and usage are dependent on the database

14. Construction of Search Statement
Step 1: Identify concepts/keywords
mutation of saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D7
Step 2: Generate alternative terms, synonyms, abbreviations
mutation
saccharomyces cerevisiae D7
mutagen
S. cerevisiae
mutate
alteration
modification

15. Construction of Search Statement
Step 1: Identify concepts/keywords
mutation of saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D7
Step 2: Generate alternative terms, synonyms, abbreviations
Step 3: Construct search statement (initial search)
(muta* OR alter* OR modif*)
(“saccharomyces cerevisiae” OR “S. cerevisiae”) D7
AND
AND

16. Outline Assignment Cycle Using the Library Information Sources
Identify database based on topic
Develop search strategy
Select relevant articles
Obtain full text of identified articles
Import citations
Write assignment with references
Using the Library
Information Sources
Overview of Search Strategies
Performing a search in BIOSIS Previews
Guides, Tools and Tips
Citations
Bibliographic Software & Introduction to EndNote
Assignment Cycle

17. BIOSIS Previews 1985-present
Life sciences and biomedical research covering pre- clinical and experimental research, methods and instrumentation, animal studies, and more. 
Search precisely with BIOSIS indexing, enhanced MeSH terms, and CAS registry numbers
(source: =select_databases&product=UA&SID=P2wXJA1MNGdez32NG7d&last_prod=UA&cacheurl=no)

19. BIOSIS Previews Demo
Research Topic: Mutation of saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D7
(muta* OR alter* OR modif*) AND (“saccharomyces cerevisiae” OR “S. cerevisiae”) AND D7

20. Outline Assignment Cycle Using the Library Information Sources
Identify database based on topic
Develop search strategy
Select relevant articles
Obtain full text of identified articles
Import citations
Write assignment with references
Using the Library
Information Sources
Overview of Search Strategies
Performing a search in BIOSIS Previews
Guides, Tools and Tips
Citations
Bibliographic Software & Introduction to EndNote
Assignment Cycle

21. Online Database Guides & Resources
Biological & Life Sciences Subject Guide
PubMed Tutorial
Embase Support
Web of Science Training (includes BIOSIS Previews & Zoological Record)
Scopus Support Hub

22. Library Proxy Stem/Bookmarklet
Enables access to full-texts of subscribed journal articles on any page that requires users to pay
Installing the NUS Libraries Proxy Bookmarklet: FAQ:

23. Accessing Full-Text via Google Scholar
Setting up NUS Libraries access in Google Scholar: FAQ: Alternate direct link:

24. Accessing Articles in Physical Journals
Note the publication details
Perform a search in LINC
Locate the right volume and issue of the journal
Visit our FAQ on requesting a Closed Stacks item

25. Fun Quiz, play & WIN

26. Outline Assignment Cycle Using the Library Information Sources
Identify database based on topic
Develop search strategy
Select relevant articles
Obtain full text of identified articles
Import citations
Write assignment with references
Using the Library
Information Sources
Overview of Search Strategies
Performing a search in BIOSIS Previews
Guides, Tools and Tips
Citations
Bibliographic Software & Introduction to EndNote
Assignment Cycle

27. Citations & Bibliography
In-text Citation
…Mangrove horseshoe crab (Cacinoscorpius rotundicauda) was recently developed (4)
Citations & Bibliography
Bibliography/Reference
4.Ding JL, Navas III MA, Ho B. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of factor C cDNA from the Singapore horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol 1995; 4: 90
Two places to cite the references you have used:
within a sentence (in-text citation)
at the end of the document (bibliography/references)

28. Citation Styles & Bibliographic References
Citation/Reference Styles
Author-Date, Author-Number style
APA style (American Psychological Association)
Vancouver style (Council of Science Editors)
Journal-specific styles (e.g. Cell, Nature)
Bibliographic References
Book
Book chapter
Journal article

29. Why cite? To acknowledge the contributor(s) of ideas used in writings
To lend support to arguments by referring to authoritative sources
To help readers verify your claims
To show research done

30. Outline Assignment Cycle Using the Library Information Sources
Identify database based on topic
Develop search strategy
Select relevant articles
Obtain full text of identified articles
Import citations
Write assignment with references
Using the Library
Information Sources
Overview of Search Strategies
Performing a search in BIOSIS Previews
Guides, Tools and Tips
Citations
Bibliographic Software & Introduction to EndNote
Assignment Cycle

31. Introduction to reference management software
A software that:
stores and organises references from many sources
inserts these references into a Word document
automatically formats your references according to a predefined citation style

32. EndNote vs Mendeley EndNote Mendeley
Generates & updates the reference list automatically as you add more citations
Generates the reference list when you want to
More built-in compatibility with some databases (Web of Science, BIOSIS preview)
Easier citation editing in Word
(no hidden codes)

33. EndNote Workflow Add references to EndNote Library
Insert references into Word document
Format according to the citation style required in Word

34. Step 1: Create an EndNote Library
All programs > EndNote > EndNote Program
File > New
Filename: Test (*.enl)
Save

35. Step 2: Add References to the Library
Direct
Export
Import Text File
Online Search
Import PDF
Manual Inputting
EndNote Library
Cite While You Write
MS Word

36. Step 2: Add References to the Library
Method 1: Direct Export
Export references directly from database
At the database, select the records you want
Save, output, export or send to EndNote (Look for “RIS format”)
Click Open to transfer records to your EndNote library

37. Method 4: Import PDF Files
Step 2: Add References to the Library
Method 4: Import PDF Files
PDF must contain a Digital Object Identifer (DOI) and is not a scanned document.
In EndNote, go to File > Import
Choose either file or folder, and change Import Option > PDF
Note: If the author, title, journal, etc, fields are not auto- populated, the PDF could be of the wrong format or have an incorrect DOI
PDF auto-import folder (Video)

38. Step 3: Cite While You Write (CWYW)
Use MS Word to insert citations into your paper
Create a paper with properly formatted references, bibliography, figures & tables
Tip: Do NOT edit the citations and bibliographies in Word. Edit the reference in the EndNote Library only
Tip: To locate citation and bibliography fields, change the MS Word’s Field Shading option

39. EndNote Tab & Field Shading
If EndNote is properly installed, you will see the EndNote tab in Word. After you add references, Field shading shows up as text highlighted in grey.

40. Inserting Citations Method 1: Find Citation
EndNote X7 tab: Insert citation > Find Citation
Search for a word in any field (e.g. title, author)
Select the references that you want to insert into your paper
Method 2: Insert Selected Citation(s)
In EndNote library, select a citation
Go to Word and place cursor at insertion point
Click on Insert Citation > Insert Selected Citation(s)

41. Editing Citations & References
Edit & Manage Citation(s) E.g. add page numbers, exclude author, exclude year Edit Library Reference(s) Place cursor in the citation, click on Edit library references and make the necessary changes. Next, click on Update citations and bibliography

42. Step 4: Change Style & Create a Bib Section
To change the citation style
EndNote tab:
Click on Style > Select Another Style…
To create bibliography section*
Bottom right corner of Bibliography group > Layout > Bibliography title
Type References (or Bibliography)
*The bibliography section appears only when you insert a citation
*New in X7 - Create sections within Bibliography

43. EndNote Online Guide http://libguides.nus.edu.sg/endnote

44. Thank You!  Please fill in the feedback form at:
Contact us at:
Science Library
(Subject: Year 1 Life Sciences Workshop)