1. Continuity and Change 1880-1910
What’s Come before:
Continuity and Change

2. A. Indian Wars
Great Sioux War : Battle of Little Bighorn Custer’s Last Stand Black Hills War
1890 Massacre at Wounded Knee
Minor skirmishes continued into 1920s

3. B. Allotments and Dawes, Curtis
Dawes Act 1887
Curtis Act 1898

4. C. Spanish American & Pilipino Wars
Spanish American War 1898:
Bert Holderman (Cherokee) Roosevelt’s cook
Philippine-American War :
Victor M. Locke (Choctaw)

5. D. Reservation life 1908-1913 Wanamaker Expedition of Citizenship
Edward Curtis photography
Hampton Institute in Hampton, VA 1879: Carlisle Indian Industrial Training School
1900: 20,000 Indian students in government schools

6. E. Federal Policies 1900-1910 1900-7 Dawes Commission Burke 1906
1903 Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock
1907 Oklahoma becomes a state
Inauguration of Teddy Roosevelt March 5, 1905 delegation of Indians march

7. F. Public Perceptions of Indians
Wild West Shows
Buffalo Dance (1894) from Buffalo Bill's Wild West show
Thomas Edison's Buffalo Bill Wild West Show

8. F. Public Perceptions of Indians
Sports stars
John Levi & Red Grange All American football 1923
Jim Thorpe (Sauk-Fox, OK) Carlisle
1912 played All American against Army w/ Dwight Eisenhower
1912: Stockholm Olympics 2 gold medals
pro football and baseball 1920s
Louis Tewanima (Hopi, Carlisle)
1908 and 1912 Olympics, Track
Charles Bender (Ojibwe, Carlisle) Philadelphia baseball
John Meyers (Cahuilla) NY Giants & Brooklyn Dodgers

9. F. Public Perceptions of Indians
3. Movies
The Mended Lute 1909
Luther Standing Bear (Sioux) acted in Tom Ince films 1910
The Indian Brothers 1911
Fighting Blood 1911
1913 The Battle At Elderbush Gulch