1. Energy and Polymers
Ch 16

2. molecules

3. polymers Monomer: single molecule Polymers: chain of monomers
Ex: monomer: glucose- simple sugar for immediate energy
polymer: glycogen- complex carb for stored energy

4. Energy and polymers Energy is stored in the bonds of molecules.
ex: fat molecules are complex to store energy, when the energy is needed, it is broken down for release the energy

5. Chemical reactions either require or release energy!
Breaking bonds releases energy, forming bonds stores energy, but both need energy to happen

6. Activation energy: energy needed to start a reaction Catalyst: lower amount of energy required for a reaction to take place

7. overall absorption of energy: (feels cold)
Endothermic rxn:
overall absorption of energy: (feels cold)
Ex:
Exothermic rxn:
Overall release of energy (feels hot)
D[Br2] a DAbsorption

9. Entropy: measure of the disorder of a system
Can measure with energy, nature tends toward disorder (2nd law of thermodynamics)
Ex: glucose, glycogen

10. Takes energy to organize, lose energy makes less organized
Low entropy
High entropy

11. Warm up How are entropy and energy related?
What is happening to the long chain polymer below? Is energy and entropy increasing or decreasing?

13. Today
Add application to you slides on polymer and entropy presentation
Edit and finalize slides and to Mrs. D
Work on science fair project: pg 3 of packet

14. Electromagnetic Waves
Review of Light
Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic Spectrum is a continuous range of waves extending from the longest (Radio) and going to the shortest (Gamma).

16. Light
Any material that allows light to pass through in straight lines is said to be transparent.
EX: Glass
Water
Any material that absorbs light w/o reemission is said to be opaque.
EX: Wood
Stone

17. Light Light is a transverse wave. White light is Non-polarized.
POLARIZATION
Light is a transverse wave. White light is Non-polarized.
When passed through a
filter (Polarizer) only light
that is moving same as the
filter opening will make it
through.
Fig

18. Polarized light

19. Polarization Photography
Reduce Sun Glare
Reduce Reflections
Darkens Sky
Increase Color Saturation
Reduce Haze

20. Polarization Photography
Without Polarizer
With Polarizer
Provides better Color Saturation
Darkens the sky

21. Polarization Photography
Without Polarizer
With Polarizer

22. Polarization Photography : Scattering
Haze
De-hazed

23. Polarized Sunglasses
Reduce glare off the roads while driving

24. Crossed Polarizers

25. Birefrengence
Interference pattern due to different refractive indices

26. birefringence

28. Read and take notes -in notes section of notebook
Ch 16.1 pg 531 to 538
Make a vocab list for yourself in your notes

29. Change room to group set up
Add to notes:
Enthalpy: amount of energy absorbed by a system during a process
(ΔH = change in enthalpy)

30. Enthalpy: amount of energy absorbed by a system during a process (ΔH = change in enthalpy)

31. Water producing cars?

32. ΔHsoln = J/g (Joules/gram solute)
ΔHsoln or heat of solution: enthalpy change associated with the process of a solute (solid) dissolving in a solvent (liquid)
ΔHsoln = J/g (Joules/gram solute)
amount of heat change (q), can be calculated using a calorimeter and the equation: q= m × s × ΔT
Joules= unit of energy
s=4.18J/g Ÿ°C
m = total mass of the solution (solute plus solvent),
S = specific heat constant of the solution
ΔT = observed temperature change
ex: 5.0g solute dissolved in 10g water with a temp change of 12.0 °C. What is the heat of solution?

33. ΔHsoln = J/g (Joules/gram solute) = 572J/ 5.0g = 150J/g
ex: 5.0g solute dissolved in 10g water with a temp change of 12.0 °C. What is the heat of solution?
q= m × s × ΔT
m = total mass of the solution (solute plus solvent),
S = specific heat constant of the solution
ΔT = observed temperature change
m=5g + 10g = 15.0g q= 15.0g x 4.18J/gŸ°C x 12.0C = 572J
ΔHsoln = J/g (Joules/gram solute)
= 572J/ 5.0g = 150J/g

35. Using a calorimeter to calculate energy change

37. Today Read lab and start lab report: design procedures and data table
Complete Enthalpy lab
HW: enthalpy lab analysis questions: worksheet