1. Faults

2. Fault
A fracture, or break, in Earth’s lithosphere, where movement occurs.

3. Stress
A force that presses on, pulls on, or pushes against another object.

4. Earthquake
The ground shaking caused by the sudden movement of large blocks of rock around a fault.

5. Rocks move along faults
Most faults are located along tectonic plate boundaries.
Very little movement actually happens during an earthquake.
Earthquake belt: 80% of earthquakes happen here
Around the Pacific Ocean
San Andreas fault
North American Plate & Pacific Plate come together
In California
Earthquakes occur in the lithosphere

6. San Andreas Fault

7. How Faults are Classified
3 types of faults
Normal fault
Reverse fault
Strike-slip fault
Faults are named based off of how rock moves

8. Normal Faults Stress that pulls rocks apart is what causes this fault.
Tension forces
Pulling Apart
Footwall moves upward
Part you can stand on
Hanging wall moves downward
Part you hang from

9. Reverse Faults Caused by rock being pushed together
Compression forces
Pushing Together
Footwall moves downward
Hanging wall moves upward

10. Strike-Slip Fault
Rocks move side by side
Caused by shearing forces

11. Whose Fault?

12. Normal Fault – Foot Wall Up

13. Whose Fault?

14. Reverse Fault – Foot Wall Down

15. Whose Fault?
Birds-eye View

16. Strike Slip – Side By Side
Birds-eye View

17. Whose Fault?
Side View

18. Normal Fault – Foot Wall Up

19. Whose Fault?
Side View

20. Reverse Fault – Footwall Down
Side View

21. Whose Fault?
Birds-eye View

22. Strike Slip – Side By Side Motion
Birds-eye View