1. Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System
Chapter 13: The Digestive System and Nutrition
Lesson 13.3
Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System

2. Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System
gingivitis and periodontal disease
plaque forms tarter
cardiovascular disease
gastroesophageal reflux disease
heartburn
ulcers
Helicobacter pylori

3. Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System
gastroenteritis
inflammation of stomach or intestine
inflammatory bowel disease
chronic inflammation
ulcerative colitis
Crohn’s disease
constipation and diarrhea
infrequent or too frequent defecation

4. Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System
hepatitis
inflammation of liver
pancreatitis
inflammation of pancreas
gallstones
bile forms crystals
cholecystectomy
cancer
digestive system cancers are common
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5. Review and Assessment
Fill in the blanks with: tartar, gallstones, hepatitis, or ulcers. 1. Helicobacter pylori causes _______________. 2. Inflammation of the liver is _______________. 3. Plaque forms _______________. 4. Crystals of bile are _______________.

6. Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System
Chapter 14: The Urinary System
Lesson 14.3
Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System

7. Assessing Renal Function
physical characteristics of urine
pH range 4.5–8.0
chemical composition of urine
95% water, 5% waste
glomerular filtration rate
estimate with creatinine concentration in blood

8. Diabetes diabetes mellitus diabetes insipidus glucose in urine
type I, type II
diabetes insipidus
large amount of dilute urine
ADH not made or not used

9. Normal Blood Glucose and Blood Insulin Levels
carbohydrate digestion leads to an increase in blood glucose level
increase in blood glucose level causes the pancreas to secrete insulin
increase in blood insulin level causes
liver glucose uptake
liver conversion of glucose to glycogen
skeletal muscle glucose uptake
skeletal muscle conversion of glucose to glycogen

10. Chronic Kidney Disease
kidney damage
glomerular filtration rate less than 60 ml/min for at least 3 months
develops slowly

11. Renal Dialysis hemodialysis peritoneal dialysis dialyzer
dialysis solution
peritoneum acts as dialysis membrane

12. Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System
kidney stones
calcium, magnesium, or uric acid
urinary tract infection
cystitis
more common in women than men

13. Review and Assessment
Match these words with 1–4 below: diabetes mellitus, kidney stone, hemodialysis, urinary tract infection.
1. made of calcium, magnesium, or uric acid
2. cystitis
3. glucose in urine
4. uses a dialyzer