1. Sec. 13.1: Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms Setting the Stage
Middle Ages (Medieval Period)
Invasions of Western Rome
Constant invasion changed the area
Disruption of trade
Downfall of cities
Population shifts
Decline of Learning
Study of Greek literature, philosophy, etc. disappeared

2. Invasions of Western Europe cont..
Loss of a common language
Greek and Latin transformed into other languages.
Lack of a common language caused areas/kingdoms to split.

3. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge
Germanic Kingdoms replaced Roman provinces
The Church was the only constant
The Concept of Government Changes
Family ties and loyalty held society together
No longer laws and written codes
Warriors more loyal to lords than the king

4. German Kingdoms Emerge cont..
Clovis Rules the Franks
Franks held power in Gaul
Led by Clovis
Brought Christianity to the
region
Prayed to the God of
Christianity to win the war
against a Germanic tribe
When they won, Clovis
and his warriors were baptized.
Caused a partnership between the Franks and the Church

5. Germans Adopt Christianity
Missionaries caused more Franks to convert to Christianity
Monasteries, Convents, and Manuscripts
Monasteries- religious communities
Monks- men who devoted themselves to the Christian faith
Nuns- women who devoted themselves to the Christian faith.
Lived in convents

6. Germans Adopt Christianity cont.
Monasteries, Convents, and Manuscripts
cont..
Benedict (twin brother)
Monk who wrote rules for the monasteries
Scholastica (twin sister)
Nun who wrote the same rules for convents

7. Germans Adopt Christianity cont.
Monasteries, Convents, and Manuscripts
cont..
Monasteries became the best educated communities in Europe
Opened libraries, schools, and copied books
Wrote histories

8. Papal Power Expands Under Gregory I
Gregory the Great
Became pope in 590
Broadened authority of the
church
Papacy became more secular
(worldly)
More involved in politics
Controlled more territory
Expanded Christianity

9. An Empire Evolves Kingdoms arose after the fall of Rome
England 7 tiny kingdoms
Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer)
(major domo) mayor of the palace
Led armies
Made policy
Had more power than the king
Defeated Muslims at the Battle of Tours
Empire went to his son Pepin who started the Carolingian Dynasty.

10. Charlemagne Becomes Emperor
Extends Frankish Rule
Built a great empire
Fought Muslims and other tribes
Conquered lands
Spread Christianity
United Western Europe
Defended the pope and was name “Roman Emperor” as gratitude
Marked the union between Germanic power and the Church

11. Charlemagne Leads Revival
Limited authority of the nobles
Made sure landholder ruled justly
Visited parts of the kingdom regularly
Kept close watch of his wealth (his estates)
Encouraged learning
Opened schools at the palace
Order the opening of schools to train monks and nuns

12. Charlemagne’s Heirs Louis the Pious Son of Charlemagne Named emperor
Religious but ineffective as a ruler
His 3 sons signed the Treaty of Verdun
Divided the empire into three kingdoms
Lack of a strong central gov. led to feudalism