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Hey! What do you know about this thing called
“the state” …?
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The state? You mean like Alabama, Texas, Ohio, etc.?
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No, no. I mean something bigger than that…
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Well, let’s see what this lesson is all about
Well, let’s see what this lesson is all about. Maybe it’ll help you out…
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The State of the State OH! Cool…
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The State a body of people, living in a defined space,
with the power to make and enforce laws without having to check with any higher authority, and with an organization to do this.
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The State You can tell from the definition that there are four key features of a state… What are they?
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Population Territory Sovereignty Government
living in a defined space, a body of people, Sovereignty Government and with an organization to do this. with the power to make and enforce laws without having to check with any higher authority,
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Population That’s us! Definition: People who are the members or citizens of a state The size of the population doesn’t matter Population has a big influence on the type of government chosen by the state: Is the population rural or urban? What do people do for jobs? Do people get along or disagree on basic issues?
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Territory Definition: the area in which a state’s rule applies
A state must have set boundaries, but they are not always agreed on. Boundaries can change in three ways: war – people win or lose territory negotiation – people agree to trade territory purchase – states can buy territory from other states
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Where did the word “SOVEREIGNTY” come from?
WAIT! Where did the word “SOVEREIGNTY” come from?
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Sovereignty Don’t worry guys!
Remember the definition of “state”? It says, “…with the power to make and enforce laws without having to check with any higher authority…”? Don’t worry guys! “Sovereignty” is just a big word that means a state has the ability to rule within its border as it chooses…
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Sovereignty That’s SOVEREIGNTY! Oh! Ok, cool…
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Sovereignty Definition: the ability to rule absolutely within a given territory Because of sovereignty… states can set their own foreign policy and agendas. states are all equal in theory, but in reality that isn’t always the case.
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Public policy is the laws and rules that affect the public!
That’s us! Government Definition: the organization that makes and enforces the laws Government has many roles that all involve making public policy, but there are four main ways their governing affects the public… Public policy is the laws and rules that affect the public!
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That’s us! Government Definition: the organization that makes and enforces the laws Government has many roles that all involve making public policy, but there are four main ways their governing affects the public… Keeping Order Protecting the Country Providing Services Making Economic Decisions
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Directions: Study the table below and determine which country is NOT a state. Explain why it does not meet the criteria to be called a state. U.S.A. Defeated England for its independence Located in North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico 9,826,675 sq km in size Democratic republic 307,212,123 people Armed Forces: US Army, US Navy (includes Marine Corps), US Air Force, US Coast Guard Puerto Rico Organized territory within the United States Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of the Dominican Republic 13,790 sq km in size 3,971,020 people No regular military Vatican City Gained its independence from Italy in 1929 A city inside of Rome surrounded by walls .44 sq km in size Ruled by the Pope, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church 826 people Military consists of 126 men from Switzerland
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Keeping Order Roles of Government
Making and enforcing laws is all a part of keeping order in society Structures like the police force and court system are in place to enforce the laws and settle disputes
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Protecting the Country
Roles of Government Protecting the Country The government is responsible for defending the territory of the state Security organizations like the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense are established to protect citizens
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Protecting the Country
Roles of Government Protecting the Country The government is responsible for defending the territory of the state Security organizations like the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense are established to protect citizens Treaties and alliances are formed with other countries to help keep our citizens safe
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Providing Services Roles of Government
The government is responsible for providing basic services… Postal Service Libraries Road Repair Garbage Collection Schools Bridge Building
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Providing Services Roles of Government
The government is responsible for providing basic services… Programs for people who need help: help buying food welfare medical services Programs to keep people safe: medicine food buildings
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Making Economic Decisions
Roles of Government Making Economic Decisions The government makes decisions every day about how it spends money The government also makes decisions about how our economy is going to function Most public policy set by the government has to do with how money is spent!!
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Four Roles of Government
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Army Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Kids under 14 can’t work Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Sheriff Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Sheriff Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: People have freedom of speech Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Sheriff People have freedom of speech Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Highway Patrol Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Highway Patrol Sheriff People have freedom of speech Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Veterans’ hospital Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Highway Patrol Sheriff Veterans’ hospital People have freedom of speech Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Navy Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Navy Highway Patrol Sheriff Veterans’ hospital People have freedom of speech Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: The voting age is 18 Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Navy Highway Patrol Sheriff Veterans’ hospital People have freedom of speech The voting age is 18 Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Air Force Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy Highway Patrol Sheriff Veterans’ hospital People have freedom of speech The voting age is 18 Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Schools Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy Highway Patrol Sheriff Veterans’ hospital Schools People have freedom of speech The voting age is 18 Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: F.B.I. Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy F.B.I. Highway Patrol Sheriff Veterans’ hospital Schools People have freedom of speech The voting age is 18 Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Marines Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy F.B.I. Highway Patrol Marines Sheriff Veterans’ hospital Schools People have freedom of speech The voting age is 18 Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Retirement benefits Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy F.B.I. Highway Patrol Marines Sheriff Veterans’ hospital Schools People have freedom of speech Retirement benefits The voting age is 18 Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Jobs must pay minimum wage Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy F.B.I. Highway Patrol Marines Sheriff Jobs must pay minimum wage Veterans’ hospital Schools People have freedom of speech Retirement benefits The voting age is 18 Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Highway system Army Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy F.B.I. Highway Patrol Marines Sheriff Jobs must pay minimum wage Veterans’ hospital Schools People have freedom of speech Retirement benefits The voting age is 18 Highway system Kids under 14 can’t work
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Four roles of government
When each example appears, tell where it should go on the graphic organizer: Police Army Police Four roles of government Protect the country Keep order Help citizens Make laws Air Force Navy F.B.I. Highway Patrol Marines Sheriff Jobs must pay minimum wage Veterans’ hospital Schools People have freedom of speech Retirement benefits The voting age is 18 Highway system Kids under 14 can’t work
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Origins of the State Many theories have been developed to explain the origins of the state. These include the force theory, the evolutionary theory, the divine right theory, and the social contract theory.
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The Force Theory The force theory holds that an individual or group claims control over a territory and forces the population to submit. The state then becomes sovereign and those in control form a government.
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Evolutionary Theory The evolutionary theory says that a population formed out of primitive families. The heads of these families became the government. When these families settled in one territory and claimed it as their own, they became a sovereign state.
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Divine Right Theory The divine right theory holds that God created the state, making it sovereign. The government is made up of those chosen by God to rule a certain territory. The population must obey their ruler.
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Social Contract Theory
Checkpoint: What is the Social Contract Theory? The social contract theory was developed by philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean Jacques Rousseau and has had the greatest influence on United States government. This theory holds that the people chose to give the state enough power to promote the well-being of everyone and that all political power comes from the will of the people. Checkpoint Answer: This theory holds that the people entered a voluntary contract with the state in which they provided it with power in exchange for the state providing safety and promoting the well-bring of the people. In this theory all political power is based upon the will of the people. 45
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Social Contract Theory, cont.
Social contract theory holds that the people can withhold power from an unjust government. In the political cartoon, what types of government might restrict people from “having it as good as this”? Political Cartoon Question Answer: Student answers will vary, but based on the section reading they are likely to answer a dictatorship or any form of government that does not draw its authority from the people and so can abuse or limit the rights of the people without their approval.
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Purpose of Government The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution sets forth the basic purposes of America’s government. It forms “a more perfect Union” by uniting the state governments and the American people. It establishes justice by attempting to create and administer laws in a fair, reasonable, and impartial fashion.
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Purpose of Government, cont.
Government offers domestic tranquility, or peace at home, by providing law and order. Government provides for the nation’s defense by maintaining armed forces and safe-guarding national security.
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Purpose of Government, cont.
The U.S. government promotes the general welfare of citizens by providing services, such as public education, that benefit all or most people. The government helps secure the blessings of liberty by guaranteeing many individual rights and liberties. These freedoms are not absolute—you are not free to violate the liberties of others.
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Purpose of Government, cont.
Each generation must strive for patriotism by learning and protecting these freedoms. What does the phrase “thank your lucky stars” in the political cartoon at right refer to? Question Answer: The stars in the phrase are the stars on the flag, which represent the unity of the states in the United States, which in turn act to protect the freedoms listed on the flag itself in the cartoon.
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So by that definition of state…
…the United States is just one big state!
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Is the United States just one big state?
Figure It Out! Is the United States just one big state? Does it have a population? YES NO Does it have a territory? YES NO Does it have sovereignty? YES NO Does it have government? YES NO
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What about “states” like Connecticut or Georgia? Are they states?
Figure It Out! What about “states” like Connecticut or Georgia? Are they states? Do they have a population? YES NO Do they have a territory? YES NO Do they have sovereignty? YES NO Do they have government? YES NO
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They can’t make laws that go against the U.S. Constitution…
They have a higher authority above them!
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Oops! I forgot. What four things does the government do?
Figure It Out! Oops! I forgot. What four things does the government do? Keeps _________ ORDER Protects the __________ COUNTRY Provides ___________ SERVICES Makes___________ decisions ECONOMIC
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Let’s take a mini-quiz, kiddos, and see what you learned!
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If there are less than 30,000 people it can’t be considered a state.
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN If there are less than 30,000 people it can’t be considered a state.
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THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN
Monaco has only 27,000 people! Size doesn’t matter!
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The boundaries of a territory can change.
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN The boundaries of a territory can change.
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Can you name the three ways that boundaries change?
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN Can you name the three ways that boundaries change?
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Sovereignty means that you have to check with someone above you.
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN Sovereignty means that you have to check with someone above you.
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Sovereignty means there is NO ONE above you!
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN Just the opposite! Sovereignty means there is NO ONE above you!
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Government only exists to keep order and provide security.
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN Government only exists to keep order and provide security.
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What are the four roles that governments have?
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN What are the four roles that governments have?
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THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN
The 50 states that make up the USA are not considered independent states internationally.
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That’s right! They don’t have full sovereignty!
THUMBS UP or THUMBS DOWN That’s right! They don’t have full sovereignty!
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Thanks for all your help!
Great job, kiddos! Thanks for all your help!
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