1. Basic Geography

2. What is geography?
Geography: the study of Earth’s surface and the processes that shape it, the connections between places, and the relationships between people and their environment
We will be looking at the basics

3. Compass Rose

4. Legend (key)

5. Map Scale

6. Map

7. The Continents Seven Continents: North America South America Europe
Asia
Oceania (Australia)
Africa
Antarctica

8. The Seven Continents

9. The Oceans 4 Oceans (sometimes 5) Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Arctic Ocean
(The Southern Ocean)

10. The Oceans

11. The Hemispheres Northern Southern Eastern Western
Equator: line of latitude that separates the Northern and Southern hemispheres
Prime Meridian: line of longitude that separates the Eastern and Western hemispheres

12. The Hemispheres

13. Lines of Latitude
Latitude is a way to measure the distance north or south of the Earth’s Equator.
The lines of latitude are parallel to the Equator. The Equator is at 0 degrees latitude (0°). The North Pole is at 90 degrees north (90°N). The South Pole is at 90 degrees south (90°S). Lines of latitude can be called "parallels." as in "the 45th Parallel."

14. Lines of Latitude

15. Lines of Longitude
Longitude is a way to measure the east-west distance on Earth.
It is measured from zero longitude, also called the Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian passes through the North Pole, the South Pole, and Greenwich, England. The other longitude lines are measured as being either east (E) or west (W) of the Prime Meridian. Lines of longitude can be called "meridians."

16. Lines of Longitude

17. North American Countries
A country is within a continent
North American Countries: 23 total
U.S.
Canada
Mexico
Bahamas
Panama
Cuba
Jamaica

18. South American Countries
South America: 12 countries
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Peru
Suriname
Colombia

19. European Countries 48 countries United Kingdom Ireland Spain Germany
England, Wales, Scotland and N. Ireland
Ireland
Spain
Germany
Italy
Norway
Croatia

20. Asian Countries 29 countries Russia China Japan Philippines Thailand
Iraq
Iran

21. African Countries 55 countries South Africa Egypt Sudan Algeria
Liberia
Somalia
Zambia
Kenya

22. Oceanic countries 16 countries Australia New Zealand Vanuatu Palau
Fiji
Samoa
Independent state of Papua New Guinea