1. Project Plan Presentation P0842X – LED Lighting Technologies
Courtney Walsh (ME)
Ian Frank (ME)
Matt Benedict (ME)
Shawn Russell (ME)
Win Maung (ME)
Naresh Potopsingh (ME)

2. Why LEDs?
RIT spends approximately $6 million on electricity every year
Half goes towards lighting (~$3 million)
LED
Reduce energy consumption
Longer lifetime
Lower maintenance costs
Less waste
Environmentally friendly

3. LED Information Efficacy Color Rendering Indices (CRI)
Light output divided by power input
LED 30 lumen/watt
Future LEDs  lumen/watt
Fluorescent Light  85 lumen/watt
Incandescent bulb  16 lumen/watt
HPS  ~ 125 lumen/watt
Color Rendering Indices (CRI)
CRI measures fidelity of the colors of objects reflecting the emitted light
LED  Vary from 62-91
Incandescent bulb  100
Metal Halide  ~85
HPS  22
Color Temperature
Degree warmth or coolness of a light source
LED  (cool white)
Metal Halide  3000 K (very yellow) to K (very blue)
HPS  2700 K
Lifetime
LED  100,000 hours
Incandescent  1000 hours
Fluorescent  10,000 hours

4. Efficiency Comparisons

5. Project Breakdown Comparison
Outdoor
HPS: Shawn
Metal Halide: Courtney
Indoor
T8 Tube: Naresh
CPL Replacement: Win
Power Module
Matt
Developing Nations
Ian
Start Term: for MSD1
End Term: for MSD2
Start Term: for MSD1
End Term: for MSD2

6. Preliminary Work Breakdown Structure
Three Week Project Plan
Person
Week (03 Dec 07)
Week (10 Dec 07)
Week (17 Dec 07)
All
Establish team values and norms
Understand customer needs
Present individual "research" to group
Review and understand the project
Meet with customers to establish any additional needs
Participate in brainstorming session
Meet with faculty guide and consultants
(or Brainstorm any additional needs)
Determine product target specifications
Team building exercises/ice breakers
Participate in benchmarking session -
Identify and gather any additional benchmarking materials
ME 1
Introduce project to team
Arrange meeting with customers
Look into possible interface options and prepare report
Help team get up to speed
(Or lead needs brainstorming session)
Lead brainstorming
Arrange the necessary meetings
Lead benchmarking session
Help others when/where needed
Schedule a meeting with all team leads to coordinate projects
Focus on human interface portion of benchmarking session
Record and publish results from benchmarking and needs evaluation
ME 2
Review CAD package tutorials
Focus on materials and mechanical analysis portion of benchmarking session
Look into possible materials and prepare report
Review Fatigue analysis package for deformation, stress, and thermal (heat transfer) analysis
EE 1
Review EE analysis programs
Focus on power supply portion of benchmarking session
Look into power supply options and prepare report
Review chosen control language
EE 2
Focus on power storage and light emitting portions of benchmarking session
Look into storage and lighting options - prepare report
Review MATLAB
ISE 1
Review CAD tutorials
Focus on manufacturing, sustainability, and environmental concern portions of benchmarking session
Look into sustainability and DFM options - prepare report
Review sustainability guidelines

7. Preliminary Work Breakdown Structure
Diagram Representation

8. Team Values and Norms
Punctual Each team member will arrive on time and will notify fellow team members of any expected absences. It is important that the team member ensures that at least one member of the team confirms the notification Thorough Each team member is expected to do their assigned work in a manner such that it does not have to be redone by another, and if they feel that they have been assigned too much work to do that they seek out help from other team members or faculty consultants Accurate Each team member will accurately complete and document their work Professional and Ethical Each team member will credit work and information to the proper sources and will be trustworthy in all of their dealings. Demonstrates the core RIT values of SPIRIT. Each team member will remember that they are representing RIT and as such the reputation of RIT and the SD program are reflected in their work. Committed Each team member will contribute an equal share to the success of the project and commit to the challenge set before them with the understanding that the SD process should a fun and informative

9. Grading and Assessment
Preliminary Grading Scheme
Grade Level
Senior Design I
Senior Design II D
Have multiple concepts in the works with a semi-clear plan for executing at least one of them
Have completed concept development for at least two of the original concepts and have a project production plan for one of the concepts C
Have a concept singled out and in the process of being completed
Have finished concept development and begun working on the final project B
Have a working concept nearly developed
Have finished the bulk of product A
Have finished concept development and are ready to proceed with fabrication
Have a completed working product

10. Issues and Risks Economic Technical Social Safety Funding Cost return
Secure from FMS and EE Department
Environmental Protection Agency P3 Grant
Cost return
Lifetime cost comparison to current systems
Technical
Light distribution
Design lens/reflector system
Longevity
Design for extreme conditions
Use proven materials
Social
Group dynamics
Team building activities
Safety
Health hazards
Consult Underwriters Laboratory and IEEE standards

11. Outdoor Projects Mission Statement
Walkway Metal Halide Replacement
This specific project will focus on developing a replacement for the Metal Halide walkway fixtures that are located around campus. These metal halide fixtures aim provide a good return on the investment as well as an efficient light source. The LED fixture needs to be energy efficient, cost effective, and easy to maintain.
Parking lot High Pressure Sodium Replacement
This product is a LED replacement kit to convert conventional lighting fixtures to accept LED lights. This kit will be design specifically for RIT and will prove to have a positive economical impact.

12. Final Project Plan Project Name
LED Lighting Technologies for a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Venture
Project Number
P08428
Project Family
Sustainable Products, Systems, and Technologies Track
Track
Sustainable Technologies for the RIT Campus
Start Term
for Senior Design I
End Term
for Senior Design II
Potential Faculty Guide
Dr. Robert Stevens (ME) Confirmed
Faculty Consultant
Dr. Vincent Amuso (EE)  Choice
Primary Customer
RIT Facilities Management

13. Metal Halide Replacement
Primary use on campus is for walkway lighting
Can be seen on quarter mile
Metal Halide
High-intensity discharge lamp
High light output for their size
Operate under high pressure and temperature
Color Rendering Index 85
Color Temperature
3,000 K (very yellow) to 20,000 K (very blue)
Life Expectancy
10,000 to 12,000 hours

14. Phase 0: Planning Staffing Requirements
Mechanical Engineers 3
Mechanical Engineer 1
Team Lead
Assign tasks to rest of the team
Keep in contact with team leads from other projects
Prepare deliverables
Contribute to mechanical design
Mechanical Engineer 2
Primary mechanical engineer
Develop casing for LED light
Integrate parts together
Develop CAD package
Mechanical Engineer 3
Develop light fixture
Electrical Engineers 1
Electrical Engineer 1
Primary electrical engineer
Determine power source
Develop interface to power source
LED integration
Any computer programming
Industrial and Systems Engineers 2
Industrial Engineer 1
Primary industrial engineer
Develop fixture for LED light
Communicate with other LED teams
Industrial Engineer 2
Create a sustainable system
Help to optimize the system
Make system manfactureable
Business Majors
Consultant
Business Major 1
Aid with the manufacturing process
Create a potential business plan to manufacture product 14

15. Customer Needs

16. Target Specifications
Metric
Importance (Stars)
Units
Target Value
Production Cost 4
US $
~$400
Usable Temperature Range 5
Degrees (F or C)
F, ( C)
Water-Proof
Binary
Yes
Heat/Cold Resistant
Vandal Resistant
Lifetime
Hours
100,000
CRI Level 1
No units 85
Energy Efficient
lumen/watt
Standardized
Weight of Light (Mass) 3
Lbs (kg)
~10

17. Future Plans
Await PRP approval

18. High Pressure Sodium Lamp Replacement
This is a low pressure sodium lamp
This is a spectrum of a high pressure sodium lamp
A Basic design of a high pressure sodium lamp

19. Phase 0: Planning Staffing Requirements
Mechanical Engineers 3
Mechanical Engineer 1
Team Lead
Assign tasks to rest of the team
Keep in contact with team leads from other projects
Prepare deliverables
Contribute to mechanical design
Mechanical Engineer 2
Develop light dispersing lens
Conduct Heat Transfer analysis
Develop FEA package
Mechanical Engineer 3
Develop light fixture
Integrate parts together
Develop CAD package
Electrical Engineers 1
Electrical Engineer 1
Primary electrical engineer
Determine power source
Develop interface to power source
LED integration
Industrial and Systems Engineers 1
Industrial Systems Engineer 1
Integration of the Design and Manufacturing process
Implement Lean Manufacturing processes
Observe ergonomic issues
Business Majors
Business Major 1
Marketing Campaign
Budget
Web page 19

20. Customer Needs

21. Target Specifications
Metric
Importance (Stars)
Units
Target Value
Material Properties 2
Binary
Yes
Lifetime
years 30
Inexpensive materials 1
US$
700
Simple design
Subj.
Minimum output
Ft-Candles
Ballast efficiency % 95
Color Temperature K
2700
CRI
None 22
UL codes and IEEE standards
Light fixture mounting
Good
Manufacturability
Minutes
Low maintenance
Electrical connections
Efficiency
Lumens/Watt
LED’s are powerful
Accepts AC and DC inputs 3
Bending Strength kN NA
Availability of parts
Readily available

22. Future Plans
Await PRP approval

23. Indoor Projects Mission Statement T-8 Replacement
Compact Fluorescent Lamp Replacement
This project will focus on developing a replacement for Compact Fluorescent Lamp fixtures that are located on RIT campus. These CFL fixtures aim provide a good return on the investment of LED lamp as well as an efficient light resources. The LED fixture needs to be low cost, high energy efficiency, last long life, and easy to maintain.
T-8 Replacement
This particular project targets the T8 light bulb. The T8 is a long cylindrical low wattage, low mercury fluorescent light bulb which is widely used across the RIT campus. It is already quite efficient. This aim of this project is to create a light bulb using multiple LED's to replace the current T8 model.

24. Administrative Information
Project Name
LED Lighting Technologies
Project Number
P08426
Project Family
Sustainable Entrepreneurial Venture
Track
Sustainable Products, Systems, and Technologies Track
Start Term
for MSD1
End Term
for MSD2
Faculty Guide
Dr. Vincent Amuso (EE)
Faculty Consultant
Dr. Robert Stevens (ME)
Graduate Teaching Assistant
Jeff Webb (ME)
Primary Customer
Mr. Dave Harris
Customer contact information
RIT Institute of Technology
facility Manager

25. Compact Fluorescent Lamp Replacement
Commonly used in classroom, dorm, lab
replacement by LED lamp
Uses 110 V or 277V
Research fixture
Save energy cost
Interview with customer for more detailed needs

26. Phase 0: Planning Staffing Requirements
Mechanical Engineers 3
Mechanical Engineer 1
Team Lead
Assign tasks to rest of the team
Keep in contact with team leads from other projects
Prepare deliverables
Contribute to mechanical design
Mechanical Engineer 2
Develop light dispersing lens
Conduct Heat Transfer analysis
Develop FEA package
Mechanical Engineer 3
Develop light fixture
Integrate parts together
Develop CAD package
Electrical Engineers 1
Electrical Engineer 1
Primary electrical engineer
Determine power source
Develop interface to power source
LED integration
Industrial and Systems Engineers 1
Industrial Systems Engineer 1
Integration of the Design and Manufacturing process
Implement Lean Manufacturing processes
Observe ergonomic issues
Business Majors
Business Major 1
Marketing Campaign
Budget
Web page 26

27. Establish the Importance of the Customer Needs
Need The Product Needs to Importance
1. LED reduces RIT power demand/consumption
2. LED minimizes energy lost to heat
3. LED performs aesthetics
4. LED is interchangeable with existing technologies 5
5. LED performs as better than current systems
6. LED can be safety to use
7. LED reliability in tamper-resistant
8. LED has cheaper price for consumer
9. LED is easy to maintain/ replace
10. LED is recyclable
11. LED does not generate excess heat
12. LED is adaptable on natural energy resources

28. Target Specifications
Metric
Importance (Stars)
Units
Target Value
Production Cost 4
US $
~$400
Usable Temperature Range 5
Degrees (F or C)
F, ( C)
Water-Proof
Binary
Yes
Heat/Cold Resistant
Vandal Resistant
Lifetime
Hours
100,000
CRI Level 1
No units 85
Energy Efficient
lumen/watt
Standardized
Weight of Light (Mass) 3
Lbs (kg)
~10

29. Future Plans Finish conducting interviews with the sponsor
Further review old Senior Design project
Develop a more complete draft of the needs assessment based on a particular direction (changing CFL to LED lighting)
Reserve desired workspaces and equipment before the completion of DPM course
Refine P08426 project for SD I
Sponsor:
Estimated Budget: $2,500.00
Questions?

30. P08430 – Naresh Potopsingh Project Name Project Number Project Family
P0843x: LED Lighting Technologies for a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Venture
Project Number
P08430
Project Family
Sustainable Products, Systems, and Technologies
Track
Sustainable Technologies for the RIT Campus
Start Term
2007-2
End Term
2007-3
Faculty Guide
Dr. Robert Stevens (ME)
Faculty Consultant
Dr. Vincent Amuso (EE)
Graduate Teaching Assistant
TBA
Primary Customer
Rochester Institute of Technology
Address of Company
Rochester Institute of Technology, 1 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY

31. T8 Replacement T8 is most common lamp used
80,000 to 100,000 in use now
Approximately 25,000 are replaced all over campus annually
Uses 115V~120V
Very low wattage ~ 40W
Already Very efficient

32. Phase 0: Planning Staffing Requirements
Mechanical Engineers 3
Mechanical Engineer 1
Team Lead
Assign tasks to rest of the team
Keep in contact with team leads from other projects
Prepare deliverables
Contribute to mechanical design
Mechanical Engineer 2
Develop light dispersing lenses
Conduct Heat Transfer analysis
Develop FEA package
Mechanical Engineer 3
Develop light fixture
Integrate parts together
Develop CAD package
Electrical Engineers
Electrical Engineer 1
Primary electrical engineer
Determine power source
Develop interface to power source
LED integration
Electrical Engineer 2
Secondary electrical engineer
Simulation software eg PSpice
Modeling
LED integration
Electrical Engineer 3
Circuit builder
Simulation
Data collector
Theoretical calculations
Computer Engineer 1
Computer Engineer 2
Interface circuit with computer
Use programming to simulate the circuit
Web page 32

33. Customer Needs Vandal-resistant
Relatively easy to install
Keep peak demand low
Decrease energy bill
Keep the fixture price low
Solar power possible
Most cost-effective method for power
Good return on investment
Needs to be value in the lighting and in the fixture
Long life span
Better efficiency of lamp and fixture
Easily standardized between lighting fixtures
Needs to be cheap
Recyclable
Avoid bat cave look
Try to spread the light out
Attain the most foot candles possible
Obtain a light with a higher CRI
Better lighting
Specify different colors - white light, warm light, etc.

34. Target Specifications
Metric
Importance (Stars)
Units
Target Value
Production Cost 3
US $
~$400
Usable Temperature Range
Degrees (F or C)
F, ( C)
Water-Proof 4
Binary
Yes
Heat/Cold Resistant 2
Vandal Resistant
Lifetime 5
Hours
100,000
CRI Level
No units 85
Energy Efficient 9
lumen/watt
Standardized
Weight of Light (Mass)
Lbs (kg)
~10

35. Future Plans Build a lamp which uses even lower wattage than the T-8
Use a strip of LED’s for efficiency
Use a reflector to scatter the light for a greater lighting
Use brighter LED’s
Protect fixture for durability

36. Power Conversion & Conditioning Power Controller/Switch
Design Concept – Intelligent Power Module
Power Conversion & Conditioning
Power Storage
Power Controller/Switch
277 VAC
208 VAC
110 VAC
12 VDC
24 VDC
Modular Enclosure
P0842X

37. Permanent Demand Reduction (PDR)
Demand Response
Demand Response - any action taken in response to an emergency signal that temporarily limits electric demand. Demand Response is a great way to guard New Yorkers against grid events, reduce dependence on oil, lower peak electric prices, and increase revenue.
Incentives for Reductions in Peak Electric Demand
Permanent Demand Reduction (PDR)
Demand Response
Load Curtailment & Shifting (LC/S)
Distributed Generation (DG)
Interval Meters (IM)
Con Edison
Rest of State
Everywhere
$600/kW
$300/kW
$200/kW
$50/kW
$150/kW
$1,500/meter

38. What’s in it for RIT?
RIT has a peak demand for the year of about 15 Megawatts! The associated demand charge is around $11/kW.
~65% of this is due to lighting
If this peak demand is reduced to 14 MW, RIT saves $11,000 in one month!
Note:
Monthly Demand charge is
dictated by highest ½ hour
of demand during the week.

39. LED Project Philosophy
Reduce lighting costs by reducing demand
Reduce demand by reducing energy consumption
Reduce consumption using more efficient technologies
Make technologies more efficient by making them more intelligent…

40. Phase 0: Planning Staffing Requirements
Mechanical Engineers 3
Mechanical Engineer 1
Team Lead
Assign tasks to rest of the team
Keep in contact with team leads from other projects
Prepare deliverables
Contribute to mechanical design
Mechanical Engineer 2
Develop light dispersing lens
Conduct Heat Transfer analysis
Develop FEA package
Mechanical Engineer 3
Develop light fixture
Integrate parts together
Develop CAD package
Electrical Engineers 1
Electrical Engineer 1
Primary electrical engineer
Determine power source
Develop interface to power source
LED integration
Industrial and Systems Engineers 1
Industrial Systems Engineer 1
Integration of the Design and Manufacturing process
Implement Lean Manufacturing processes
Observe ergonomic issues
Business Majors
Business Major 1
Marketing Campaign
Budget
Web page 40

41. Opportunities & Options for SDI
Refine project scope:
Inputs/Outputs dependent (somewhat) on other projects within the family
Possibility for applications outside LED realm
Detailed cost savings and government incentives analysis, with recommendations

42. Future Plans Continue through list of potential faculty guides
Conduct thorough patent search
Refine project scope and determine design options and expectations

43. Applications for Developing Nations
Faculty Guide  Dr. Robert Stevens (ME)
Currently two billion people live without clean, healthy, reliable lighting or power.
Many of these people use gas and oil lamps, which produce a great deal of soot and carbon dioxide in addition to consuming vast amounts of fuel to produce relatively little usable lighting.
The average income is very low in these nations, so it will be necessary for these products to be extremely inexpensive
The climate in these nations will necessitate that the product be, among other things, water-proof and able to withstand extreme weather conditions
This project seeks to provide a clean, reliable, inexpensive, and non-power-dependent source of light for developing nations.

44. Staffing Requirements
Mechanical Engineers 2
Mechanical Engineer 1
Team Lead
Assign tasks to rest of the team
Keep Team on Track for April 2009 Delivery
Prepare deliverables
Contribute to mechanical design (human interfacing)
Mechanical Engineer 2
CAD Work
Mechanical Testing
Mechanical Analysis
Electrical Engineers
Electrical Engineer 1
Power Supply Design
Power Supply Integration
Controls
Electrical Engineer 2
Power Storage Selection/Design
Light Emission Sub-System
Industrial and Systems Engineers 1
Industrial Systems Engineer 1
Design for Manufacture
Sustainability Aspects
Environmental Concerns
Implement Lean Manufacturing processes
Observe ergonomic issues
Industrial Designers
Industrial Designer 1
Design of Exterior Shell
Light Distribution
Aesthetics
Business Majors
Consultant Roll
Entrepreneurial Aspects
Economic Efficiency and Feasibility 44

45. Customer Need – Engineering Metrics Matrix

46. Preliminary Metrics # Metric Units Importance (Stars) Potential Value1
Production Cost
U.S. $
***** 50 2
Has On-Board Power Supply
Binary
Yes 3
Usable Temperature Range
°F or °C
***
(30-120)°F or (0-50)°C 4
Water-Proof 5
Heat/Sand-Proof (Air Tight) 6
Storage Capacity
mAh
****
6000 7
Recharge-ability
Cycles
500 8
Lifetime
hrs
100,000 9
Distribution of Light
(Δ Lux)/(Δ m) ** ~0 10
Intensity of Light
Lux 11
Functional Drop Height m 12
Drop Cycles
50+ 13
Lens Hardness (Resists Scratching)
Mohs Hardness 6+ 14
Efficiency
Lumens/Watt 15
hrs/charge 60 16
Charge Time ≤4 17
Recyclable Parts * 18
Environmentally Friendly 19
Aesthetically Pleasing
Subjective 20
Weight (Mass)
lb (kg)
<10lb (<4.5kg)

47. Future Plans 2007 2008 2009 12 November – 20 December
Write P3 Grant Proposal with Dr. Steven
2008
1 January – End of Summer Quarter
Project Promotion (find interested students)
Secure Additional Funding if Necessary
Fall Quarter
Gear-Up for Senior Design
December (Winter Quarter)
Senior Design I
2009
Spring Quarter
Senior Design II
April
National P3 Expo on the National Mall in Washington D.C.

48. Questions?