1. APA Citations - Overview
Toronto public library
Laura Freeman – High School Outreach

2. What is Plagiarism? Video: Plagiarism Rap 2 main types Direct
Copy and Paste
Word for Word
Accidental
Summarize or paraphrase with no citation
Video: Plagiarism Rap

3. How do we avoid plagiarizing?
By crediting where you got the information from
‘citing our sources’
Why do we cite sources?
Avoid accusation
Gives teacher/reader ability to verify information, access original source
Prove you know where to find appropriate sources

4. What exactly is citing our work?
Citation Overview

5. APA Citation: What is it?
Citation style, most often used in social sciences (Sociology, Political Science, Psychology etc).
Includes rules on how to cite sources and format research

6. APA Citation: When to cite
Direct quotations from outside work
Referencing someone’s thought/opinion on topic
When you paraphrase or summarize someone else’s ideas/work

7. APA Citation
In Text
Citations throughout your paper/essay indicating when another’s quote, thought, idea etc is referenced or included
Reference List
Organized full listing of outside resources you used when writing your paper/essay

8. APA Citation: In Text Use parenthetical citation (brackets)
For direct quotations (both long and short)
AND
When summarizing and paraphrasing

9. APA Citation: In Text (from Print source)
Direct quotations – LONG
If longer than 40 words DO NOT use “”
DO create block quotation – indent quotation
Information needed in text = author, date AND page number
If using long quotation:
Make sure absolutely necessary to include whole quotation
Provide your own analysis about quote before and after
Eg. U of T Writing Centre Quotations
In Sum:
(Author Last Name, Date, P. #) OR
If author mentioned in your analysis just
(Date) right after name, and (P.#) at end of quote

10. APA Citation: In Text (from Print source)
Direct Quotations – SHORT
Use “” at the beginning and end of direct quotation
Include quotation within regular flow of your paper
Include some direction to or analysis of quote
Eg. Concordia University APA Citation Style
In Sum:
(Author Last Name, Date, P.#) OR
If author mentioned in your analysis just
(Date) right after name, and (P.#) at end of quote

11. NOTE: APA was created when electronic sources did not exist, it has adapted to include electronic sources BUT CAN BE TRICKY!

12. APA Citation: In Text (from Online Source)
Online Database (with print counterpart):
Often the articles from journals, magazines, newspapers will include page numbers from print edition
IF SO – cite with pg numbers (see previous slide)
Online Database (without print counterpart) or Website:
If source does not include page numbers try to include info that will point reader to part being cited
If has numbered paragraphs use them in place of page numbers (para. #)
If no numbered paragraphs, but headers within article, identify header and then count paragraphs underneath (Heading Title section, para. #)
In Sum:
(Author Last Name, Date, para. #) OR
(Author Last Name, Date, section title, para. #)

13. APA Citation: Reference List
alphabetical list of works you used when doing research
contains more information about all of the sources you've cited so readers can find them
Characteristics:
new page at the end of your paper
Title the page References
alphabetical by the author's last name or by the title if there is no author
titles are italicized
entries are double-spaced
First line of each entry is at left margin, every other line indented
Concordia University. (2015) ALA citation style: Reference List – Overview. Retrieved from:

14. APA Citation: Refernces
Basic Information included (all types of sources):
Author(s)(Last Name, First Name)
Title
Publisher
Date of Publication
Publication medium
Additional Information specific to Online Databases:
Pg numbers of article (where available)
Title of Article
Title of Journal, Newspaper or Magazine (takes place of Title)
Title of Database (takes place of Publisher)
Date of access
Additional Information specific to websites:
Web site name (takes place of title)
Page on website used (if applicable)
Version or Edition (if available)
Date of Access
DO NOT INCLUDE URLs (web addresses)

15. OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab APA Sample Paper

16. APA Citation: Recommended Websites
Citing Sources/Create a Bibliography – University of Toronto
APA Citation Guide – Concordia University
APA Formatting and Style Guide – OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab

17. Citation Websites
APA Citation Maker – Oregon School Library Information System
Son of Citation Machine
RefMe

18. One reason to LOVE online databases – citations are done for you!

19. Works Cited
“Citing Sources/Create your Bibliography.” University of Toronto Libraries. University of Toronto, 6 Jan. 2016, Web. 1 Mar
Libncsu. “Citation: A (Very) Brief Introduction.” Online video clip. YouTube. YouTube, 23 Jul Web. 1 Mar
“APA citation style.” Concordia University Libraries. Concordia University, 6 Nov Web. 1 Mar
Plotnick, Jerry. “Using Quotations.” University College. University of Toronto. Web. 1 Mar
“Research and Citation Resources.” OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab. Purdue University, Web. 1 Mar. 2016
uAlbertaDoS. “Plagiarism Rap (Cite Your Sources).” Online video clip. YouTube. YouTube, 18 Dec Web. 1 Mar