1. Operation Scouring Process Of Textile Material
Textile Finishing Technology
SMKN 1 KATAPANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Kelas X Semester 1

2. Scouring Process
The aim of scouring proses is to removal dirt of fibres,or impurities cotton in form of oils,fats,waxs and other impurities able to bother completion next process . scouring process of cotton is process soaping of fat,wax, oil and etc.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

3. Reaction that happened at scouring of cotton is :
Reaction with caustic soda:
R – COO – H + Na OH  R – COO – Na + H2O
soap of sodium dissolve easy in water.
Reaction with soda ash(sodium carbonat)
2R – COO – H + Na2 CO3  2R – COO – Na + H2O + CO2
Fat
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

4. Reaction with mixture of lime water and soda ash
2R – COO – H + Ca (OH)2  (RCOO)2 Ca + 2 H2O
insoluble calcium soap in water.
(RCOO)2 Ca + 2HCl  Ca Cl2 + 2 RCOOH
Fat
2RCOOH + Na2 CO3  2R – COO – Na + H2O + CO2
Soap of sodium
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

5. Procedure operation of scouring process with NaOH and Na2CO3 on cotton
Recipe
Scouring process
NaOH : ml/l
Na2CO3 : 2 g/l
Wetting agent : 2 ml/l
Time : 60 minute
Temperature : 95oC
Liquor ratio : 1:30
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

6. Procedure
- Materials and chemical agents weigh as according to calculation of recipe
- Water and chemical agent prepared as according to liquor ratio at recipe
- Fabric done at solution process with temperature 95oC,then stir to flatten during 60 minute
- Afterwards cloth cleaned by hot water ,then cleaned to be chill water
- Materials dried is later,then weigh and perceived, do test of fabric absorpsion.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

7. Schema Process TemperatureoC NaOH Na 2CO3 60oC 30oC Scouring
minute
Time(minute)
Shema of scouring process of cotton with Na2CO3 and NaOH used exhaustion methode
Rinsed by Hot Water And chill water
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

8. Type of scouring machine
Based on system, scouring process can be classified to become 2 kinds of, that is :
1) Uncontinue system of souring ( discontinue system) for example scouring with open tank,jigger machine ,Haspel machine,Clapeau machine, Kier ketel.
2) Continue system of scouring ( continue) Artos roll padd machine, Roller Bed machine.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

9. Based on pressure of machine, scouring machine divided to become 2 type is
1) Scouring without pressure for example using open tank,Jigger, Haspel, Clapeau, J-Box and of L-Box
2) Scouring with pressure, for example using machine of Kier Ketel, closed jigger.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

10. Schema Process of scouring cotton wih haspel machine
Schema of machine haspel
Description:
1. Roller up Water pipe
2. Rol penegang Steam pipe
3. Rol pengantar
4. Vessel
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

11. Scouring process with jigger machine
Scouring with jigger machine,the fabric on open width position and erected.Fabric furled at left rol and right rol pass introductory and exhaust rol,capacities machine depended thick or thin of fabric ± 400 – 2000 metre. Materials done in caustic soda solution and wetting agent. Furthermore the fabric movement materials or turned around at the same time temperature isn't it until to boil 100oC. Materials done by during 8-10 rotation depended the fabric length or hour. To put scouring agent better be done in phases each every 2 rotation times,with counted 1 / 3 recipe.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

12. One of the scouring recipe of drill fabric with jiger machine is :
Caustic soda 38o Be : 10 cc / litre
Wetting agent : 4 g / litre
Vlot : 1 : 5
Temperature : 100oC
Time : Rotation
After finishing materials cleaned to be chilled water, hot water, and rinsed with cool water, rinsing with water emiting a stream of was at the same time turned around so that dirt patching can lose finely.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

13. Schema/figure scouring Machine with pressure
1. Kier
2. Circulate solution of tube
larutan
3. Buffer
4. Circulation pump
5. Intercloth
6. Vacuum pump
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

14. Scouring of cotton materials with kier ketel machine
Kier boiling is made from cylinder tube of rustproof iron or steel, its for there which is straightening ( vertikal) and there leveling off ( horizontal), capacities of this Kier boiling is variety from ½ ton until 5 ton of material. Scouring with Kier boiling is especially done for cloth as well as the result of very well, because beside the absorpsion of high, with existence of pressure hence seed husk, difficult bar and others release by unstressed scouring, with all these process it will be able to release.
Scouring fabric in caustic soda liquor 1 - 5% and 0,2 - 0,5% wetting agent having the character of as detergent during 6 until 10 hour with pressure Atmosfir, after finishing materials rinsing by hot water and chill water.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

15. Scouring process of protein/animal fibres
Silk
Degumming process of silk have purpose to removal sericin (silk process degumming) arranging in layers fibroin of silk fibre.
Characteristic of silk fibre is important upon which textile is soft,brightly,having appear luxurious.
Delicious silk weared because having high water absorpsion and surface of soft fibre.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

16. Procedur operation of degumming process of silk with non ionic soap
Recipe
Silk degumming process
Non ionic soap : 5 ml/l
Na2CO3 : 5 g/l
Temperature : 60-70oC
Time : 50 menit
Liquor ratio : 1 : 50
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

17. Procedure Operation
- Fabric and the chemical agent to weigh as according to calculation of recipe
- Water and chemical agent prepared as according to liquor ratio at recipe
- Fabric done at solution process with temperature 95oC, then stir to flatten during 60 minute
- Afterwards cloth cleaned by hot water is;then cleaned by chilled water
- Materials dried is later;then weigh and perceived, do the test of fabric absorpsion.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

18. Schema Process Non ionic soap Na2CO3 Temperature o C 70oC 30oC
minute
Time (minute)
Schema Process of Degumming of silk used Exhaustion Methode
Temperature o C
70oC
30oC
Rinsed by hot water and chill water
Teknologi dan Rekayasa

19. Wool
Pretreatment process of wool is all processes of chemistry ang mechanics operations by doingat wool before dyeing, printing and finishing with a purpose to so that the process is fluently better and result of good him.
Purpose of scouring wool
Scouring process of wool have purpose to eliminate wool dirts like oils from spinning,starch dirts and stain can be able to eliminated with soap/synthetic detergen.
Carbonizing is chemical process which conducted to eliminate sellulosic dirt like grass dried rice, bough, twigh and seeds.
Teknologi dan Rekayasa