1. THE RENAISSANCE

2. WHY DID THE RENAISSANCE HAPPEN?
Christian Crusaders  attempting to conquer the “Holy Land” (Jerusalem) and becoming exposed to new goods of the “far east”
Mongols invading Asia  pushing populations around and forcing new trade movements

3. WHY DID THE RENAISSANCE FIRST HAPPEN IN ITALY?
Italian merchants were doing most of the trading with the Middle East
Italy is the first stop on the way back from the Middle East
Italy has the “leftovers” of the Roman Empire
Italy has the wealth (through trade) to sponsor art and learning

4. MERCHANTS Wealthiest/powerful class & dominated politics
Wealth based on success of their business
Felt they deserved power based on achievements
Florence, Italy ruled by MEDICI family (trade/banking merchants) for 30 years
Medici family: major PATRON (supporter) of the arts

5. The Black Plague… Starts in Mongolia
Carried along the Silk Road to the Middle East by merchants and travelers

6. The Black Plague…
Caught by Italian merchants…who fled back to Italy trying to avoid the disease, and ended up spreading it throughout Europe

7. How did people fight it???

9. The Black Plague…
Impact on Europe:
Loss of population
1/3 of Europeans die
25 to 50 million….about 8 million per year
Which social class was hit hardest?
Loss of faith in the church…why?
Loss of faith in feudal lords…why?
Previous serfs now able demand higher wages and freedoms  less power for the wealthy

10. RENAISSANCE BEGINNING
Most people VERY religious, but too many suffering & dying! Started to pull away from Catholic Church
Looking to SECULAR (worldly)
ideals of the here and now vs. life
after death
Studied humanism

11. WHAT IS HUMANISM?
Study of human
potential &
achievement

12. NEW ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES
Renaissance is bringing back art & literature from Greek & Roman times  known as “classical”
In Italy, now painting/sculpting SECULAR arts, NOT RELIGIOUS arts  more realistic people in classical settings
Despite differences, both Renaissance and Medieval art still portray religious subjects

13. PERSPECTIVE
3 Dimensional
Distant objects are smaller

14. SHADING
Helps objects to look more realistic; 3-D look VS

15. SCULPTURES Study of human anatomy to paint & sculpt better
More natural postures & expressions

16. NINJA TURTLES: DONATELLO
DONATELLO: sculptor & painter;
Revealed personality in his art
One of 1st to do a nude statue
First bronze statue, St. Louis of Toulouse

17. NINJA TURTLES: LEONARDO
LEONARDO DA VINCI: painter, sculptor, inventor, & scientist  a true “Renaissance Man”
Mona Lisa
The Last Supper
Vitruvian Man

18. NINJA TURTLES: MICHELANGELO
MICHELANGELO: sculptor & painter
Sistine Chapel
Statue of David

19. NINJA TURTLES: RAPHAEL
RAPHAEL studied from Michelangelo & Leonardo; painter
Madonna and Child
School of Athens

20. RENAISSANCE WRITERS DESIDERIUS ERASMUS: In Praise of Folly – said to
improve society, all should
study Bible
SIR THOMAS MORE:
Utopia – imaginary land inhabited by peaceful people; no use for money; means “no place”, but in English means “ideal place”; no war, greed, corruption, starvation, etc

21. RENAISSANCE WRITERS, PART II
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
Greatest playwright of all time: sonnets, plays, essays
Romeo and Juliet
Hamlet
Othello
Macbeth
Midsummer Night’s Dream
Julius Caesar
King Lear

23. PRINTING SPREADS RENAISSANCE IDEAS
Chinese 1st invent block printing
JOHANN GUTENBERG: reinvents moveable type & comes up with printing press
Gutenberg Bible: first full size book printed
Came in English, French, and German  VERNACULAR (own language) increased
Can produce 100’s of copies
Encouraged people to learn to read!  RISE IN LITERACY & IDEAS SPREAD FASTER

24. NORTHERN RENAISSANCE VS. ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
Northern Europe stayed more religious; Italy became more secular and moved faster
North had more oil paintings, while south had more sculptures
Both focused on the effects of art and learning in the new age

25. Crash Course Video The Renaissance:
video&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=renaissance%20video&sc =8-17&sp=- 1&sk=#view=detail&mid=541A4FB4E5D9B3D3E49B541A 4FB4E5D9B3D3E49B