1. Agenda Homework -Ch. 8 3 images -Ch. 8 Figure Index
2. Political Geography Lecture, Part 1
3. International Case Studies Assignment  

2. Created by David Palmer
Political Geography
Created by David Palmer

3. I. State and Nation
A. state: political unit (can be used interchangeably with country)
B. nation: refers to a tightly knit group of people (usually having similarities: culture, language, religion, etc.)
e.g. Yugoslavia was a state but not a nation.
nationalism - loyalty to a nation/ sense of inclusion

4. Former Yugoslavia - State not a nation
Fellmann

5. Stateless Nations - Have no National Territory
e.g Palestinian Arabs
6.5 million (Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria)
CIA Factbook. online

6. Kurdistan 20 million Kurds Turkey and Iraq very volatile relationship
Kurds desire territory or at least autonomous control of land in Iraq and Turkey
Fellmann 343

7. Concept: Nation-State
Ideal built on homogeneity of territory and culture
Politically organized
Sovereignty: final authority over territories political and military affairs
Example - Japan
Ethnic Groups in Japan Japanese 99%
Picture Here
CIA Factbook. online

8. Other Examples Picture Here Bi-national State (Israel/Palestine)
Multinational State (Switzerland)
Multistate Nation (Transylvania, stretches across Romania and Hungary, Kurds)
Picture Here
CIA Factbook. online

9. Concept: Challenges to the State
Globalization, trans-national corporations
NGOs, social pressure
Developments in technology- discourage assimilation
Increase in nationalist/separatist movements
Trade organizations- WTO, NAFTA, EU- limit independence of members

10. Geographic Characteristics of States

11. A. Territory Size-micro vs macro
Does Size =Power? No
Greater land area may equal greater resources
Could also lead to problems with regulating area (communication and transportation)
CIA Factbook. online
Vatican Map Micro State - Vatican Map

12. Size is not necessarily an indicator for success
Russia
Land Area: 6,550.7 square miles
Purchasing Power Parity $9700 (2002)
United States
Land Area: 3,787.4
Purchasing Power Parity $36,300 (2002)
CIA Factbook. online

13. B. Territory Shape
Fellmann 423

14. 1. Compact State: (circle shape)
the distance from any point of the country to its center is about the same.
supposed to provide the most geographic stability
e.g. Poland, Iceland, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zimbabwe

15. 2. Fragmented State consisting of 2 or more pieces
can make some interactions within the country more difficult
e.g. Philippines

16. Hello down there!
3. Elongated
Can create separatist areas due to distance from center or core
Vietnam, Chile, Norway

17. Prorupt States An area that extends from a compact area
Can create room for factions geographically
Southern Thailand

18. Perforated State US question next slide broken by another country
1. exclaves: separated from the state by another state
e.g. Azerbaijan (Fellmann 347)
2. enclaves: surrounded by another state
e.g. Christian Armenia
b. e.g. South Africa-Lesotho
US question next slide

19. Practice Analysis of Shape
What US state is an exclave?
The same state is also a prorupt state.
What shape best describes California?
Elongated

20. Big Theme
Territory size & shape can influence political stability, but can not determine social, political, or economic well being.