1. Learning Objectives:
The Globe
Regions of the World
Awareness of the Middle East
Ancient times
Importance of the Arabian Gulf (AG)
The power of oil
Iraq: Oil, democracy, voting
US Navy activities in the A.G.

2. The Globe
LaPine, OR
43.7°N, 121.5° W

3. The Prime Meridian
0 degrees longitude
West
East
Greenwich, England

4. Regions of the world
“Near East”
“Far East”
“The west”
“Middle East”

5. Modern Day
Middle East
US Navy base
Manama, Bahrain
Horn of Africa

6. Christian event:
Garden of Eden
Tigris & Euphrates rivers

7. Persians - dominated the region.
- Began in Iran
- 6th century

8. Which is correct?
“Arabian Gulf”
“Persian Gulf”

9. “Arabian Gulf” is preferred by modern day inhabitants.
“Persia” refers to exclusively the Iranian past.
“Arabian” is more inclusive of modern states around the Gulf.
Modern day Arabs are not necessarily proud of the bloody,
brutal domination by the Persians of the past.

10. Arabian Gulf Iran Saudi Arabia Oman UAE Strait of Hormuz Qatar Bahrain
(Large US Navy base)
Qatar
Gulf of Oman
UAE
Saudi Arabia
Oman

11. Strait of Hormuz 20% of the worlds oil flows through this strait
Iran has threatened to place mines in the strait (and shut down all shipping)
US Navy keeps the strait open with continuous power projection
Bandar Abbas has Iranian aircraft and high speed vessels.
If the straits were closed (even for a few days), gas prices would quickly rise.
(This would impact everyone here in LaPine!!)

12. Kingdom of Bahrain Sea Story !
Friends of USA US Navy Base Most “western” of Arab States Rich from oil profits and gold
Sea Story !
(Small boat during Ramadan)

13. Manama (Capital of) Bahrain

14. Middle East Oil

15. United States

16. Oil dominates trade in the Middle East.
Oil Tankers
Oil Rigs
Oil Pipelines
Oil Refineries
Oil dominates trade in the Middle East.

17. Oil trade routes from the Arabian Gulf westward to the Suez Canal
Jordan
Iraq
Kuwait
Suez Canal
Iran
Pakistan
Persian Gulf
Egypt
Gulf of Oman
Saudi Arabia
Oman
Red Sea
Sudan
Arabian Sea
Eritrea
Yemen
Indian Ocean
Gulf of Aden
Ethiopia
Somalia

18. Iraq - oil and gas Oil pipeline
- 10% of the worlds oil comes from southeastern Iraq.
- Iraq owns 2 oil terminal in the northern Arabian Gulf for tankers to receive oil.
- Oil export profits “saved” Iraq from economic ruin after Saddam Hussein was removed.
Oil profits shared with ALL Iraqi citizens after Democracy was put in place.
Iraq has to IMPORT most of it’s gasoline despite EXPORTING crude oil…why?

20. Al Basrah oil terminal (ABOT)
Owned by Iraq

21. Oil – discussion questions
Is it in our national interest to protect the oil flow coming to America
from the Middle East?
What (or who) could cut off the flow of tankers out of the Arabian Gulf?
What are ways that Americans can reduce the dependence on oil from
the Middle East?
Is it “right” to fight a war and lose American lives if part of the reason
is to protect the flow of oil to America from the Middle East?

22. US Navy missions in the Gulf
1. Project power
2. Guard Oil platforms
3. Promote allies and friendships
4. Keep trade open
5. Humanitarian Assistance
6. Be ready for…

23. 90,000 tons of diplomacy

24. US Navy numbered fleets

25. Globe & Middle East Testable material
On our globe, the dividing line between east and west is the
_____________________________
In terms of east and west the USA in in the _____________
Middle east friendly countries _________________________
__________________________________________________
Middle east unfriendly countries________________________
US Navy base in what country?_________________________
Chokepoint is Strait of ________________________________
What export helped Iraq’s economy recover? ______________
Iraq exports its oil through 2 ___________________
What is the preferred name of the gulf?
A. Arabian Gulf
B. Persian Gulf
What military force keeps the gulf peaceful and open for trade?
What 6th century Army dominated the middle east
region ______________
The land between the Tigris & Euphrates rivers is known as
________________________________