1. Eating Well
Unit 9B –

2. Balanced Diet Definition:
“A diet that contains the proper proportions of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water necessary to maintain good health.”

3. What is missing from this diet?

4. Deficiency Disease When we do not eat enough of a particular nutrient.
Name some
deficiency diseases

5. Examples:
Scurvy
Anemia
Rickets
Kwashiorkor
Osteoporosis

6. Anemia

7. Scurvy

8. Rickets

9. Kwashiorkor

10. Osteoporosis

12. Why do you need fiber?
Known as roughage. Parts of a plant that we cannot digest.
Not absorbed like other nutrients
Helps keep water in undigested food
Link between fiber and bowel cancer

13. Plan a family menu for a) Teenage girl b) Her father, who wants to boost fiber in his diet.
Food
Fat (g/100g)
Protein (g/100g)
Calcium (mg/ 100g)
Milk
3.8
3.3
120
Yoghurt
0.3
1.4
180
Cheese
33.5
26.0
800
Eggs
10.9
12.3 52
Beef
22.0
17.1 8
Chicken
17.7
17.6 3
Fish
0.2
17.4 16

14. We need 1. 1 g of calcium each day
We need 1.1 g of calcium each day. Explain why children benefit from eating cheese but adults on a diet avoid it. (1mg = 1/1000g)
Food
Fat (g/100g)
Protein (g/100g)
Calcium (mg/ 100g)
Milk
3.8
3.3
120
Yoghurt
0.3
1.4
180
Cheese
33.5
26.0
800
Eggs
10.9
12.3 52
Beef
22.0
17.1 8
Chicken
17.7
17.6 3
Fish
0.2
17.4 16

15. Malnutrition Definition:
Lack of proper nutrition. Causes deficiency diseases.
Caused by not getting enough food
Caused by eating too much

16. Malnutrition leads to Health Problems
Underfed children grow more slowly
More likely to suffer or die from infectious diseases and parasites like worms
Eating too much can lead to obesity
Obesity leads to other problems (heart attack or diabetes)

17. Eating Disorders
Anorexia
Bulimia

18. Review Questions
Which organ is damages if you do not eat enough fiber?
Explain how a bad diet can cause obesity.
People without enough vitamin D develop which disease?
How does a shortage of Vitamin D cause soft bones?

19. Unhealthy Hearts
If your heart does not do it’s job, you will accumulate harmful wastes in your body.
Why?

20. Coronary Heart Disease
On one page
What is coronary heart disease?
How do you get it?
How can you prevent it?

21. Unhealthy Circulation
High blood pressure
Hearts have to work harder
Atherosclerosis
Fatty material deposits on arteries
Coronary thrombosis
Clots blood going into heart

22. Blood clotting Arteries have smooth walls
Atherosclerosis – roughens the surface

23. Blood Clotting
Draw how it happens

24. How lifestyle affects the heart
Poor Diet
Lack of exercise
Stress
Smoking
Poor diet – obesity heart works harder
Exercise – helps keep weight off
Stress – raises blood pressure

25. Smoking and Breathing Gas exchange
Lungs take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Takes place in alveoli (small air sacs)
Cigarette smoke
Very hot gas
Contains harmful substances

26. Lung Diagram Sinus cavity Epiglotis Trachea Pharynx Bronchi Bronchial
Alveoli

27. Smoking and Breathing Hot Gases
Affect ciliated cells lining the airways
Dust and microbes get trapped by mucus in airways
In healthy lungs – cilia sweep mucus and trapped debris to mouth where it is swallowed

28. Smokers cough – trying to constantly get rid of mucus
Hot gas paralyze cilia
Mucus builds-up and clogs bronchioles
Trapped bacteria and viruses have a better chance of starting an infection
Smokers cough – trying to constantly get rid of mucus

29. Smoking – Harmful Chemicals
What are some harmful chemicals?

30. Smoking – Harmful Chemicals
Carbon particles – cause coughing and cancer
Tar – causes cancer
Nicotine - addicting

31. Summary Questions
Name two harmful substances in cigarette smoke. Explain how each is harmful.
Give the scientific names for the wind pipe, air sacs, and voice box
Explain how ciliated cells protect us from infection.
Why do people find it hard to quit smoking?