1. Carbon (Organic) Chemistry
                                              
Carbon (Organic) Chemistry

2. Introduction to Macromolecules
Macromolecules are large molecules, also known as polymers. Polymers are built by smaller units called monomers. The process of joining together monomers is called polymerization.

3. Types of Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins

4. Carbohydrate Characteristics
Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1
They are the main source of energy for living things.
They have structural purposes in plants and animals
Monomers are monosaccharides, Polymers are polysaccharides
Important carbohydrates are:
Glucose: The energy for all cell activities
Starches: Complex carbohydrates that living things use to store sugar
Glycogen: A sugar storage molecule

5. Lipid Characteristics
Made from carbon and hydrogen atoms
Common types are fats, oils and waxes
Can be used to store energy
Formed when a glycerol combines with a fatty acid
Fatty acids that are connected by single bonded carbons are called saturated fatty acids
Fatty acids that are connected by double bonded carbons are called unsaturated fatty acids

6. Lipid

7. Nucleic acid
A macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
Monomers are a nucleotides: These consist of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Nucleic acids are the polymers
Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary (genetic information)
The two types are ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

8. Nucleic Acids

9. Proteins Contain carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
Monomers are amino acids, which contain an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH)

10. What do proteins do? Control the rate of chemical reactions
Aid in the replication of DNA
Help your body respond to stimuli
Transport molecules around your body

11. Protein structures

12. Answer the following questions
How do we obtain macromolecules?
What do we do with the macromolecules that we break down in our body?