1. Bell Ringer: How are tissues and protection related?
Objectives:
Compare and contrast the types of epithelial tissues.
Standards Addressed:
Protection, Support, Movement

2. Tissues Groups of specialized cells that carry out a specific function
4 Major Types:
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

3. Epithelial Tissues (General Characteristics)
Functions
Protection (underlying structures)
Secretion
Absorption
Excretion
*know these 4
*Epithelial tissues cover body surfaces and organs, line cavities, and compose glands

4. General (contd.)
Basement membrane – thin, nonliving layer that anchors epithelial tissues to connective tissue
*Epithelial tissue lacks blood vessels, but nutrients are diffused from connective tissue
* Readily divide – injuries heal rapidly
* Tightly packed
*Classified according to shape and number of layers

5. Simple Squamous
Structure – single layer of thin, flattened cells, nuclei – broad and thin
*fit together like floor tiles
Location – sites where diffusion and filtration take place

6. Simple Cuboidal
Structure – single layer of cube shaped cells with a centrally located nucleus
Location – covers ovaries, lines kidney tubules, lines salivary, pancreas, and thyroid glands
Function: Secretion and Absorption

7. Simple Columnar
Structure – resemble columns, single layer, may have cilia (free surfaces)
Location –
cilia – fallopian tubes (female reproduction)
non-cilia – uterus, digestive tract
Function – protection, absorption, secretion

8. Pseudostratified Columnar
Structure – appear layered but are not (vary in shape and nuclei position), cilia are attached to free surface
Location – lining of respiratory passages - goblet cells scattered through tissue secret mucous which the cilia sweep away (mucous traps dust and microorganisms to be removed from airways)

9. Stratified Squamous
Structure – many layers of cells that divide in the deeper layers and push old ones outward
Location – outer lay of skin (epidermis), oral cavity, esophagus, vagina, anal canal
*as skin cells age they accumulate the protein keratin, harden and die – this process keeps nutrients in and harmful substances out

10. Transitional Epithelium
Special Characteristic – changes in response to increased tension; prevents diffusion of contents of urinary tract back into internal environment
*Forms the inner layer of the urinary bladder, ureters, and parts of urethra

11. Glandular Epithelium
Specialized to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids
Exocrine glands – secrete products into ducts that open onto surfaces (skin, digestive tract)
Endocrine glands – secrete products into tissue fluid or blood
*use table on page 101 to fill in types of exocrine glands in study guide