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Chapter Resources
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glencoe.com
Image Bank
Foldables
Video Clips and Animations
Chapter Summary
Chapter Review Questions
Standardized Test Practice

2. glencoe.com

3. Image Bank
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4. Image Bank
Transfer Images
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5. Image Bank
People Eating

6. Image Bank
Enzymes

7. Organs of the Digestive System
Image Bank
Organs of the Digestive System

8. Image Bank
The Mouth

9. Image Bank
Esophagus

10. Image Bank
Stomach

11. Image Bank
Small Intestine

12. Image Bank
Villi

13. Image Bank
Large Intestine

14. Image Bank
Protein-rich Foods

15. Carbohydrate-rich Foods
Image Bank
Carbohydrate-rich Foods

16. Image Bank
Red Meat

17. Image Bank
Table – Minerals

18. Image Bank
Drinking Water

19. Image Bank
Table – Water Loss

20. Image Bank
Food Pyramid

21. Functions of the Respiratory System
Image Bank
Functions of the Respiratory System

22. Organs of the Respiratory System
Image Bank
Organs of the Respiratory System

23. Image Bank
Alveolus

24. Image Bank
Inhale – Exhale

25. Table – Smokers’ Risk of Death from Disease
Image Bank
Table – Smokers’ Risk of Death from Disease

26. Image Bank
Smoking

27. Image Bank
Sweating

28. Image Bank
Excretory System

29. Organs of the Urinary System
Image Bank
Organs of the Urinary System

30. Image Bank
Kidney

31. Image Bank
Nephron

32. Image Bank
Kidney Dialysis

33. Foldables
Respiration
Make the following Foldable to help identify what you already know, what you want to know, and what you learn about respiration.

34. Foldables
Fold a vertical sheet of paper from side to side. Make the front edge about 1.25 cm shorter than the back edge.

35. Turn lengthwise and fold into thirds.
Foldables
Turn lengthwise and fold into thirds.

36. Foldables
Unfold and cut only the top layer along both folds to make three tabs. Label each tab.

37. Foldables
Identify Questions
Before you read the chapter, write I breathe under the left tab, and write Why do I breathe? under the center tab. As you read the chapter, write the answer you learn under the right tab.

38. Video Clips
Click image to view movie.

39. Video Clips
Click image to view movie.

40. Video Clips
Click image to view movie.

41. Reviewing Main Ideas 1
The Digestive System
Mechanical digestion breaks down food through chewing and churning. Enzymes and other chemicals aid chemical digestion.
Food passes through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum and then out the anus.
The large intestine absorbs water, which helps the body maintain homeostasis.

42. Health is affected by the combination of foods that make up a diet.
Reviewing Main Ideas 2
Nutrition
Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water are the six nutrients found in foods.
Health is affected by the combination of foods that make up a diet.

43. The Respiratory System
Reviewing Main Ideas 3
The Respiratory System
The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide.
Breathing is the movement of the chest that allows air to move into the lungs and waste gases to leave the lungs.

44. The Respiratory System
Reviewing Main Ideas 3
The Respiratory System
The chemical reaction in cells that needs oxygen to release energy and produces carbon dioxide and water as wastes is called cellular respiration.
Smoking causes many respiratory problems, including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and lung cancer.

45. Reviewing Main Ideas 4
The Excretory System
The urinary system is part of the excretory system. The skin, lungs, liver, and large intestine are also excretory organs.
The kidneys are the major organs of the urinary system and have a two-stage filtration system that removes wastes.
When kidneys fail to work, an artificial kidney can be used to filter the blood in a process called dialysis.

46. Chapter Review
Question 1
Which parts of the mouth in this diagram are used for mechanical digestion?
LE 1.2c

47. A. salivary glands only B. teeth only C. teeth and tongue
Chapter Review
A. salivary glands
only
B. teeth only
C. teeth and tongue
D. tongue and
salivary glands
LE 1.2c

48. Chapter Review
Answer
The correct answer is C. Mechanical digestion takes place when food is chewed, mixed, and churned. Teeth break food up and the tongue mixes the food.

49. Question 2 Which is a main function of the large intestine?
Chapter Review
Question 2
Which is a main function of the large intestine?
A. absorption of nutrients
B. absorption of water
C. chemical digestion of fats
D. production of chyme
LE 1.2c

50. Chapter Review
Answer
The correct answer is B. After excess water is absorbed, the remaining undigested material becomes more solid. These semisolid wastes are called feces.

51. Chapter Review
Question 3
Why should you take in water soluble vitamins every day in your food?
Answer
Because they are water soluble, these vitamins are not stored in your body. Other vitamins are fat-soluble and can be stored by your body.
LE 1.2c

52. Question 4 Answer What waste gas is expelled when you exhale?
Chapter Review
Question 4
What waste gas is expelled when you exhale?
Answer
Carbon dioxide is expelled. This gas is produced as a waste product of cellular respiration and is carried by the blood to the lungs.
LE 1.2d

53. Question 5 Which is a function of this structure? A. collects oxygen
Chapter Review
Question 5
Which is a function of this structure?
A. collects oxygen
from the lungs
B. filters wastes from
blood
C. produces vitamins
D. secretes digestive
enzymes
LE 1.2e

54. Chapter Review
Answer
The correct answer is B. This structure is a nephron. A kidney is made up of about 1 million of these filtering units. The filtered waste is called urine.

55. Standardized Test Practice
Question 1
The internal surface of the small intestine is covered with these projections. What is their importance?
LE 1.2c

56. A. absorb wastes from food
Standardized Test Practice
A. absorb wastes from food
B. increase the surface area of small intestine
C. secrete bicarbonate ions and enzymes
D. serve as an area where beneficial bacteria live
LE 1.2c

57. Standardized Test Practice
Answer
The correct answer is B. These projections, called villi, allow more places for nutrients to be absorbed. Nutrients move into blood vessels within the villi and are then transported to all the cells in your body.

58. Standardized Test Practice
Question 2
Calcium and phosphorus are examples of what type of nutrients?
A. carbohydrates
B. fats
C. minerals
D. vitamins
LE 1.2b

59. Standardized Test Practice
Answer
The correct answer is C. Minerals are inorganic nutrients. Calcium and phosphorus are used for the formation and maintenance of bone in your body.

60. Standardized Test Practice
Question 3
This table shows some of the information available from nutritional labels on four different foods. Which food should you eat if you need to get more fiber in your diet?
Percent daily requirement in one serving of each food
Peanut butter
Brown rice
Black beans
Canned tuna
Fiber 7% 4%
28% 0%
Calcium 2% 6%
Total fat
24%
LE 5.2b

61. A. black beans C. canned tuna B. brown rice D. peanut butter
Standardized Test Practice
Percent daily requirement in one serving of each food
Peanut butter
Brown rice
Black beans
Canned tuna
Fiber 7% 4%
28% 0%
Calcium 2% 6%
Total fat
24%
A. black beans
B. brown rice
C. canned tuna
D. peanut butter
LE 5.2b

62. Standardized Test Practice
Answer
The correct answer is A. One serving of black beans would supply 28% of your daily requirement of fiber. None of the other foods is as high in fiber.

63. Question 4 What does this diagram illustrate?
Standardized Test Practice
Question 4
What does this diagram illustrate?
LE 1.2d

64. A. how asthma causes shortness of breath
Standardized Test Practice
A. how asthma causes shortness of breath
B. how blood carries oxygen away from
the lungs
LE 1.2d

65. C. how to clear a blocked airway of a choking victim
Standardized Test Practice
C. how to clear a blocked airway of a
choking victim
D. how the diaphragm changes the volume of
the chest
LE 1.2d

66. Standardized Test Practice
Answer
The correct answer is D. The volume of the chest changes as the diaphragm contracts and relaxes. This helps gases move into and out of your lungs.

67. Standardized Test Practice
Question 5
A dialysis machine can replace or help with some of the functions of the _______.
A. bladder
B. kidneys
C. lungs
D. pancreas
LE 1.2e

68. Standardized Test Practice
Answer
The correct answer is B. A dialysis machine acts as an artificial kidney and filters the blood to remove wastes.

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70. End of Chapter Resources File