1. COMMUNICABLE & NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES

2. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
DISEASE THAT IS SPREAD FROM ONE LIVING ORGANISM TO ANOTHER OR THROUGH THE ENVIRONMENT
PATHOGEN-ORGANISM THAT CAUSES DISEASES
INFECTION—OCCURS WHEN THE PATHOGENS ENTER THE BODY, MULTIPLY & DAMAGE CELLS
DISEASE—OCCURS IF THE BODY IS NOT ABLE TO FIGHT THE INFECTION

3. TYPES OF PATHOGENS
VIRUSES—PIECE OF GENETIC MATERIAL SURROUNDED BY A PROTEIN COAT
--INVADE CELLS IN ORDER TO REPRODUCE
--ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT WORK AGAINST VIRUSES, NEED TO RUN THEIR COURSE
--COLD AND FLU MOST COMMON

4. PATHOGENS CONTINUED
BACTERIA—SINGLE-CELLED MICROORGANISMS THAT LIVE ALMOST EVERYWHERE ON EARTH
--MOST ARE HARMLESS, SOME ESSENTIAL
--MULTIPLY THROUGH CELL DIVISION
--CAN PRODUCE A TOXIN, A SUBSTANCE THAT KILLS CELLS OR INTERFERES WITH THEIR FUNCTION
--MOST CAN BE TREATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS

5. PATHOGENS CONT.
FUNGI—PLANTLIKE ORGANISMS, CAUSE DISEASES OF SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES, AND LUNGS
PROTOZOANS—SINGLE-CELLED MICROORGANISMS THAT ARE LARGER & MORE COMPLEX THAN BACTERIA
RICKETTSIAS—RESEMBLE BACTERIA, BEHAVE LIKE VIRUSES, OFTEN ENTER BODY THROUGH INSECT BITES

6. TRANSMISSION OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
DIRECT CONTACT: TOUCHING, BITING, KISSING, AND SEXUAL CONTACT, SNEEZING & COUGHING CAN SPRAY INFECTIOUS DROPLETS OF SALIVA OR MUCUS, PUNCTURES, PREGNANT WOMAN PASSING AN INFECTION TO HER UNBORN CHILD THROUGH THE PLACENTA

7. TRANSMISSION CONT. INDIRECT CONTACT: CONTAMINATED OBJECTS
VECTORS—TICKS, FLIES, MOSQUITOES
WATER & FOOD
AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION—PATHOGENS MAY FLOAT IN THE AIR FOR A LONG TIME AND TRAVEL LONG DISTANCES

8. HOW CAN YOU PROTECT YOURSELF?
HANDWASHING—SINGLE MOST EFFECTIVE STRATEGY FOR PREVENTING SPREAD OF DISEASE
HANDLING FOOD PROPERLY
EAT A BALANCED DIET
AVOID SHARING EATING UTENSILS, MAKEUP. COMBS, BRUSHES AND OTHER PERSONAL ITEMS

9. PROTECTION CONT. PREPARE AND STORE FOOD SAFELY
AVOID UNNECESSARY CONTACT WITH PEOPLE WHO ARE ILL
COVER YOUR MOUTH WHEN YOU COUGH OR SNEEZE
USE MOSQUITO REPELLENT, AVOID CONTACT WITH DEAD BIRDS
PRACTICE ABSTINENCE FROM SEXUAL ACTIVITY
LEARN TO MANAGE STRESS
IMMUNIZATIONS(VACCINATIONS)

10. NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE
DISEASE THAT IS NOT TRANSMITTED BY ANOTHER PERSON, VECTOR, OR ENVIRONMENT
SOME ARE CALLED “LIFESTYLE DISEASES”
EXAMPLES: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, CANCER, ALLERGIES, ASTHMA, DIABETES, ARTHRITIS

11. LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH IN U.S.
ADULTS
HEART DISEASE
TEENS
CAR ACCIDENTS