1. TRAINING FOR GRAIN SILO OPERATIONS

2. TRAINING FOR GRAIN SILO OPERATIONS
Grain quality and grading
Fumigation and quality preservation
Efficient and Effective SILO OPERATIONS
(Knowledge + People + Machines = PROFIT)

3. CHALLENGE FOR GRAIN SILO OWNERS
To fully understand we must know where the present day silo’s came from.
SHORT HISTORY

4. Jan van Riebeeck builds a halfway house on route to the East
1652
1830’s
1860’s
1880’s
1900
1910
1930
Jan van Riebeeck builds a halfway house on route to the East

5. 1652
1830’s
1860’s
1880’s
1900
1910
1930
Great Trek to the North
Diamonds in the Northern Cape
Gold in Witwatersrand
RAILWAYS

6. AGRI product prices plummets
1652
1830’s
1860’s
1880’s
1900
1910
1930
Anglo Boer war
WWI
World Depression
AGRI product prices plummets

7. RECOVERY PHASE 1930’s 1960’s Co-op Act:
Regional support and Marketing
Transport (RAILROADS), Electricity, Steel/Iron availability and Technology improves
Marketing Act: Control Boards Maize Board, Wheat Board, Oilseeds Board…..
Single Channel Marketing/Pool schemes/Surplus Removal Schemes etc. to further stabilize producer prices.
Farmers get the same price irrespective of where it’s produced (Zastron, Lichtenburg or Ermelo)
Minister of Agriculture decides on the farmers price, based on production cost
Millers pay the same price for the product irrespective of where they are, next to the farm or 1000 kms from it.
Boards calculates selling price based on various costs.
Co-ops lost their marketing function and became AGENTS for the various Boards to handle and store grains and Oilseeds.
Compensated on a average COST PLUS basis.

8. DEVELOPMENT PHASE
1960’s
1980’s
Silo building program via co-ops, funded with loans and owners capital
Based on actual and potential
production in each Co-op region
Silo infra structures were build in the different Co-op’s regions all over the country, mainly where RAILROADS were available.

9. GRAIN FLOW IN BASE MODEL SILO
Intake designed for 10 ton road units
Longer storage periods
Outloading designed for 42 ton rail units
Rail trucks per 24 hrs limited to size of siding
Scheduled out loading of commodities

10. Cost to stabilize prices
PRICE FORMING OF AGRI PRODUCTS
1990’s
PRODUCER
PRICE
PROCESSOR
PRICE
CONSUMER
PRICE
GAP
BYPASS
Cost to stabilize prices

11. 1992 1996 KASSIER report AMB New Act on Agricultural Marketing
DEREGULATION, no more Control Boards
Co-op’s -> AGRI Businesses
SAFEX AMD Established
Bidding platform for AGRI products
Future contracts
Location Differentials
Change in production areas linked to market/production sustainability/delivery costs
Railways/Road delivery ratio change due to Non-Operational and/or Non-Profitable rail routes.
Alternative storage concepts: Bunkers, Silo bags, Farm silo’s, etc. etc.
Direct Marketing ex Farms.

12. ? PRESENT DAY DEMAND ON A SILO 2010’s
No more 10 ton Tractor/trailer combo’s on intake side
Storage period irregular
Outloading Rail Trucks (if possible) > Irregular/ Late/ Demanding
34 tons+ Road Trucks > Irregular/ Late/ Demanding
Mixed commodities - Daily
2010’s ?
SILO’S WERE NOT DESIGNED FOR THIS
CONVERSIONS NOT ALWAYS OPTIMAL OR EFFECTIVE

13. Grain Handling Operator
TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE FOR GRAIN SILO OWNERS
Grain Handling Operator
Industry in-house course.
Curriculum :
Occupational Safety, Health and Environmental Protection

14. Grain Handling Controller
CHALLENGE FOR GRAIN SILO OWNERS
Grain Handling Controller
AgriSETA approved Curriculum
KNOWLEDGE MODULES
SUPERVISION: Performance, Motivation and Discipline
COMMUNICATION: Workplace and Groups
OPERATIONS: Management, Structures and Markets, Personnel, Employment, Financial and Maintenance.
STOCK CONTROL: Quality, Control, Assurance.
HANDLING & STORAGE TECHNOLOGY: Principles and concepts.
PRACTICAL MODULES
WORK EXPERIENCE MODULES