1. Chapter 9 section 4
War of 1812

2. 1809: James Madison took office, and tension was high with British
Move toward war
1809: James Madison took office, and tension was high with British
British were arming Native Americans and impressment of US sailors
1810: Henry Clay (KY) and John C. Calhoun (SC) became leaders of House of Representatives  Wanted to go to war with Britain
New England did not want war because it would hurt trade
June 1812: War begins with British

3. British still at war in Europe
Early days of war
British still at war in Europe
They said they were arming Native Americans because they wanted to protect Canada
US not prepared for war  Jefferson’s cuts weakened military
British blocked all US ports

4. War in the west and south
US wanted to invade Canada  thought they would want to be apart from British rule
US invaded thru Detroit, but retreated because Hull thought he had too few men  Gen. Brock of Canada surrounded US and made them surrender
US did better on Lake Erie  Battle of Put-In-Bay  Oliver Hazard Perry switched ships and kept fighting, and won
British were forced to leave Detroit and go back to Canada  Gen. Harrison followed and attacked (Battle of Thames)  US won, and Tecumseh was killed in battle

5. 1814: British defeated Napoleon
Final battles
1814: British defeated Napoleon
British strategy was to attack Washington DC
Aug. 1814: British marched to Washington DC and set fire to gov’t buildings, including The White House
British then moved to Baltimore and attacked Fort McHenry, who were the defenders of the harbor  US kept off attack
Francis Scott Key watched attack in Baltimore, was inspired, and wrote poem “Star Spangled Banner”  National Anthem in 1913

6. 1814: British grew tired of fighting
Final battles
1814: British grew tired of fighting
The Treaty of Ghent ended war (signed in Ghent, Belgium)
In US, there was opposition to war from the start
Federalists thought President Madison rushed into war
New Englanders were upset because the blockage badly damaged ports and trade
Federalists got together at Hartford Convention (Hartford, CT) to discuss seperating from US  They found out about Treaty of Ghent and the end of war  Stopped talks and cancelled convention
War of 1812: “Second War of Independence”  Independence from Britain and France, and was looked at seriously by other countries

7. VOCABULARY