1. Chapter 9, Section 1
War in Ancient Greece

2. How did the Greek-Persian Wars start?
Persians conquered Greek city-states in Ionia
Athenians helped them by burning the Persian city of Sardis
Darius, Persian king was furious. He wanted to revenge against Athens.

3. First Greek Persian War, 490 B.C.
Persians Land at Plain of Marathon, 26 miles from Athens.
20,000 Persian soldiers, including cavalry and archers; 10,000 Athenian foot soldiers
Athenians attack at dawn. Persians panic and flee onto their ships.

4. Battle of Marathon

5. Which side are Greeks?

7. Second Greek-Persian War, 480 B.C.
Xerxes gathers a force of thousand soldiers.
Soldiers march over land, Persian supply ships sail by sea.
King Leonidas and 300 Persians try to stop the Persians at the Pass of Thermopylae, but are betrayed by a goatherd.
Xerxes burns Athens, but Athenians had fled to the islands.
1,200 Persian ships chase the Athenian navy but are ambushed at the straits of Salamis and rammed by Greek triremes.
Persians return home, defeated.

8. Battle of Thermopylae

9. Betrayed by a Goatherd

10. Classwork
Discuss with your partner: How might our life now be different of the Persians had won the war?
Beard?
Language?
Government?
Answer Map Skills questions, p. 276

11. Delian League
The Delian league was headed by Athens. It collected money to build warships to defend the Greeks against the Persians.
The money was kept in the treasure on Delos.
It was supposed to be an alliance of equals (150 members), but wasn’t.

15. Athens abuses its power
It forced members to join or stay in the league.
It continued to collect money even when there was no fighting
It moved the treasure to Athens
It used the money to build the Parthenon (temple to Athena that stood on the acropolis)

16. Parthenon

17. Statue of Athena

18. Replica of Parthenon in Nashville, TN

19. Acropolis

21. Peloponnesian League
Sparta had its own league of polis (city-states) that were on the Peloponnesian Peninsula.
Allies in the league were oligarchies, like Sparta.

22. Classwork, read p
What is the name of the Athenian leader who rebuilt Athens? (p. 276, “Athens Rivals Sparta”)
What were the two Greek rival cities and the name of their leagues?
What was the purpose of the Delian League? (top of p. 277)
Why was it called Delian League? (last sentence on p. 276)
Were members of the Delian League equals? (second paragraph, p. 277)

23. The Golden Age of Athens
Age of Pericles (Athenian leader who rebuilt the city)
Athens is known for its art and learning
Most wealthy and powerful of all!
Duration: B.C., from the time Athens win the Battle of Salamis until the Peloponnesian War.

24. Sparta and Athens Go to War, 431 B.C.
After Athens imposed a trade ban on a Sparta-allied polis, war broke out.
Pericles to farmers: move inside the city walls
Sparta laid siege to Athens.
Supplies arrive by sea (protected by a walled-in road)

26. Piraeus (port of Athens)

27. Pair-share: what’s happening? The Age of Pericles, by Philipp Von Foltz. (1853) Pericles gave the Funeral Oration after 490BC to honour the Athenian soldiers who had died at one of the opening battles of the Peloponnesian War. 

28. Athens Surrenders Pericles and many others die of a plague
A truce is reached in 421 B.C. but it doesn’t last
Sparta blocks the Athenian port; forces Athens to surrender.
Road-to-port walls are demolished.
Sparta tried to ban Athenian democracy!

29. Pair-Share
Who helped Sparta build up its navy against Athens? (p. 279, second paragraph)
Why do you think it did so? (not in the book)

30. Classwork: Answer Key Terms Questions, p
Classwork: Answer Key Terms Questions, p.279 Use the following terms to describe war in ancient Greece
Battle of Marathon
Battle of Salamis
Delian League
Peloponnesian League