1. American Citizenship
Chapter 4: Federalism

2. Federalism
System of government in which a written constitution divides the powers of government on a territorial basis between a central government and several regional governments

3. Powers of the National Government
Delegated Powers – Powers given to it by the Consitution
Expressed Powers
Black and White powers given to national Government
Article 1 Section 8
Article 2 Section 2
Article 3

4. Powers of the National Government Cont
Implied Powers (Grey area)- Not stated in the Consitution but suggested by the Expressed Powers
Article 1 Section 8 Clause 18
Gives Congress the “necessary and proper power”
Inherent Powers
Given to National government but not by the Constitution

5. Powers denied to the National Government
Creation of a national public school system
Enact uniform marriage and divorce laws

6. The States Powers Reserved Powers Powers denied to states
Constitution does not grant these powers to the national government yet does not deny to state government
Basically the ability to protect and promote public health, the public morals, the public safety, and the general welfare
Powers denied to states
Enter into treaties with foreign nations
Print their own money
Ignore due process of law

7. The Exclusive and Concurrent Powers
Exclusive Powers
Excercised by National Governmetn only
Coin Money
Make Treaties
Regulate Interstate Commerce
Concurrent Powers
Powers both National and State Government Express
Levy Taxes
Define Crime and Punish Crime

8. The Federal System and Local Governments
All local governments are part of the state government
Locals given power from the state
Perform duties the state does not have enough capabilities to do
Public schooling
Local law enforcement

9. The Supreme Law of the Land
Supremacy Clause
Article 6 Section 2
Constitution is the supreme law of the land
Acts of Congress and treaties next in supremacy
Supreme Court and Federalism
Court case McCulloch Vs. Maryland
Maryland was taxing the Congress created 2nd Bank of the United States
John Marshall ruled it illegal to tax the bank due to supremacy clause

10. State of Emergency
Step 1- Local Government Responds: IF overwhelmed turns to the state
Step 2- The State Responds with State Agencies
Step 3- Damage Assessment by local state and federal organizations
Step 4 A major Disaster Declaration is requested by the governor
Step 5 FEMA Evaluates the request and recommends to White House
Step 6- The President Approves of denies request.

11. The Nation’s Obligations to the State
Mostly found in Article 4
Republican form of Government
States must create Representative Governments
Only time this was an issue was after the Civil War
Required southern states to Accept the 13th, 14th, 15th amendments

12. The Nation’s Obligations to the States
Invasion and Internal Disorder
An attack on one state is an attack on all 50 States
Pearl Harbor
9/11
Also protect states from one another
Respect for Territorial Integrity
National Government must allow representatives from each state participate in Congress

13. Admitting New States Only Congress can admit a new state to the Union
Admission Process
Area must ask Congress for admission
State must then pass a state Constitution by popular vote
Congress reviews the Constitution and votes on an act of admisstion
President signs into law
State admitted into the United States

14. Conditions for admission
Congress can set the Conditions
These conditions can change
Example: Utah had to outlaw polygamy before being admitted

15. Cooperative Federalism
Continual Fight Between National and State Power
The two groups try and get along though
Examples
Federal Grants-IN-Aid
Funding of Public Universities
New Deal Programs
Housing

16. Interstate Relations Agreements among states and with foreign states
Full Faith and Credit
Validity of legal documents will be recognized in each of the 50 states
Exceptions
Only Pertains to civil not criminal trials
Permanent residency of the individual also determines the legality of documents
Divorce
Gay marriage previously

17. Interstate Compacts Extradition Privileges and Immunities
Legal Process to transfer a fugitive from one state to another
Not guaranteed among other nations
Privileges and Immunities
All citizens are equal among the states
Exceptions
Voting
Hunting and Fishing taxes
Public State Tuition Costs