1. Human Body Systems

2. Organization of the Body
All cells in the human body work both as independent units and as interdependent parts of the organism.
Levels of organization: cells – tissues- organs – organ systems
The eleven organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body

3. 11 Human Body Systems Nervous Circulatory Integumentary Endocrine
Respiratory
Reproductive
Digestive
Lymphatic/Immune
Excretory
Skeletal
Muscular

4. Levels of Organization
Cells – the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
Specialized cells – suited to perform a particular function.

5. Tissues a group of similar cells that perform a function in the body
Four basic types of tissue:
epithelial, connective, nervous and muscle.
Epithelial tissue – convers interior and exterior body surfaces
Connective tissue – provides support for the body and connects its parts
Nervous tissue – transmits nerve impulses throughout the body
Muscle tissue – enables the body to move

7. Levels of Organization continued
Organs – a group of different types of tissues that work together to preform a function
Your eye is an organ made up of all 4 types to tissues, they all work together to allow us to see
Organ system – a group of organs that perform closely related functions.
Your brain (an organ) works with the rest of the nervous system to gather information and coordinate your body’s response

8. Homeostasis Maintaining internal stability!!!!!!
Your body systems work together to make sure your internal conditions stay pretty constant even though the external environment changes

9. Feedback inhibition
This is a process in which a stimulus produces a response that opposes the original stimulus.
Maintaining a stable body temperature is an example of a feedback mechanism.

10. Nervous system Structures: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Function: recognizes and coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments

11. Integumentary System
Structures: skin, hair, nails sweat and oil organs
Function: serves as a barrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection against ultraviolet radiation from the sun

12. Respiratory System
Structures: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs
Function: provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body

13. Digestive System
Structures: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum
Function: converts foods into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body; absorbs food; eliminates wastes

14. Excretory System
Structures: skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Function: eliminates waste products from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis

15. Skeletal System Structures: bones cartilage ligaments, tendons
Function: supports the body; protects internal organs; allows movement; stores mineral reserves; provides a site for blood cell formation

16. Muscular System
Structures: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
Function: works with the skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system

17. Circulatory System Structures: heart, blood vessels, blood
Function: brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infection; removes cell wastes; helps regulate body temperature

18. Endocrine System
Structures: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries (females), testes (males)
Function: controls growth, development, and metabolism; maintains homeostasis

19. Reproductive System
Structures: males = testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, and penis; females = ovaries, fallopian tubes (oviducts) uterus, vagina.
Function: produces reproductive cells; nurtures and protects developing embryo (females)

20. Lymphatic/Immune System
Structures: white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph notes, lymph vessels
Function: helps protect the body from disease; collects fluid lost from blood vessels and returns the fluid to the circulatory system