1. Recognise Healthy Body Systems In a Health Care Context
HLTAP301A

2. Definition of health What is the definition of health …?
Health is the state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease.

3. Disease and illness What is the definition of disease …..?
Disruption in the normal structure or function of any aspect of a person, mind, body and emotions.
Illness signals an imbalance in the body between internal and external environment.

4. Disease and illness Pathogens Genetic conditions Birth defects
Any micro-organism capable of causing disease
Bacteria
Virus
Genetic conditions
Inherited
Hemophilia
Birth defects
Present at birth or environmental
Cleft palate
Thalidomide

5. Disease and illness Nutritional deficiencies Trauma Toxins
Iron deficient anaemia
Trauma
Physical injury of cells or tissues
MVA
Toxins
Poison
Environmental factors
Alcohol/drugs
Degenerative changes
Age, cancer

6. Prevention of disease Resistance may be due to age and health
Primary prevention
Remove risk factors
Immunisation
Secondary prevention
Detect before symptoms
Pap smear
Tertiary prevention
Reduce complications
Clinical intervention

7. Orientation to human body
There is a specific language of anatomy that is used to describe and locate
Turn to page 5 (Recognise Healthy Body Systems) and complete activity 1.1

8. Orientation to human body
Levels of structural organisation
Chemical level
Atoms combine to form molecules
Cellular level
Smallest units of all living things
Tissue level
Formed by groups of cells with similar functions
Organ level
Organs are made up of different types of tissue

9. Orientation to human body
Levels of structural organisation
Systems level
Organs working together to perform specific functions
Organism level
All organs systems working together to make the living body
Turn to page 7 and complete activity 1.2

10. Human life processes Functions necessary to maintain life
Maintaining boundaries
Integumentary system
Movement
Musculo skeletal
Cardiovascular
Sensitivity or responsiveness
Nervous system
Endocrine system

11. Human life processes Functions necessary to maintain life Digestion
Digestive system
Metabolism
Endocrine system
Excretion
Urinary system
Skin

12. Human life processes Functions necessary to maintain life Reproduction
Reproductive system
Growth
Endocrine system
Respiration
Respiratory system

13. Human life processes

14. Human life processes Homeostasis
The ability of the body to maintain an internal balance

15. Anatomical terms The anatomical position The body is standing erect,
facing forward with the upper extremities at the side
palms of the hands face forward with thumbs pointing away from the body
feet are slightly apart and flat on the floor

16. Anatomical position

17. Anatomical terms Body is also divided into parts using imaginary lines
Sagittal plane
Divides the body equally into left and right
Frontal plane
Divides the body into front and back halves
Transverse plane
Divides the body into upper and lower parts

18. Anatomical terms Body is divided into parts using imaginary lines
Turn to page 9 and complete activity 1.3

19. Anatomical terms
Body cavities are the spaces in the body that contain and protect internal organs
Dorsal cavity
Subdivided into cranial cavity and spinal cavity
Ventral cavity
Separated into thoracic cavity and abdomino-pelvic cavity

20. Anatomical terms

21. Anatomical terms Quadrants Further divide the abdominal cavity
Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant

22. Anatomical terms Regions Right hypochondriac Epigastric
Left hypochondriac
Right lumbar
Umbilical
Left lumbar
Right iliac
Hypogastric
Left iliac