1. The Industrial Revolution
Brain Warm Up – Define:
1. Urbanization
2. Capitalism

2. Definitions Movement of people from rural areas to cities.
Urbanization
Movement of people from rural areas to cities.
Capitalism
Economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit.
Industrialization- The process whereby society changes from agriculture and hand-made production go machine-driven mass production in factories.

3. Traditional Farming Methods
List all of the MACHINES in the picture.
How many POWER SOURCES are in the picture?
What SOCIAL CLASSES are represented here?
Using the picture, write a sentence describing life before industrialization.

4. How did the world go from this?

5. To this?

6. First came an Agricultural Revolution
Improved Methods of Farming
Enclosure Movement
Population Explosion

7. First came an Agricultural Revolution
Improved Methods of Farming
Enclosure Movement
Population Explosion
Dikes for land reclamation
Fertilizer
Seed Drill – Jethro Tull
Crop rotation

8. Improved Methods of Farming
First came an Agricultural Revolution
Improved Methods of Farming
Enclosure Movement
Population Explosion
Dikes for land reclamation
Fertilizer
Seed Drill – Jethro Tull
Crop rotation
Rich landowners fenced in land formerly shared by peasant farmers.
Output rose with fewer workers
Tenants displaced
Moved to cities

9. Improved Methods of Farming
First came an Agricultural Revolution
Improved Methods of Farming
Enclosure Movement
Population Explosion
Dikes for land reclamation
Fertilizer
Seed Drill – Jethro Tull
Crop rotation
Rich landowners fenced in land formerly shared by peasant farmers.
Output rose with fewer workers
Tenants displaced
Moved to cities
Britain’s population rose from 5 million in 1700 to 9 million in 1800.
Declining death rates
Reduced risk of famine.

10. Urbanization
In the mid 1700s, more than half the population of Britain lived and worked on farms.
Between 1750 and 1851, displaced farming families moved to the cities to work in the new factories.

11. Next Came an Industrial Revolution
-New scientific and technological changes
-Major shift from skilled workers doing job in their homes to unskilled workers performing jobs in factories.

12. Charlie Chapman- Factory Work
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Turn to your partner and talk…
How did the clip relate to the Industrial Revolution?

13. Industrialization:
A process whereby a society changes from agriculture and hand-made production, to machine driven mass production in factories

14. Results of Classical Liberalism
Chapter 5
Section 1 :
Results of Classical Liberalism

15. CHECK UP…
What does Laissez-faire Capitalism mean?

16. Because of Laissez-faire Capitalism…
Business owners could…
Risk investing in businesses
Build factories
Purchase machines/supplies
Hire workers to work and sell the products.
The rich got richer because they had money to pursue business during the Revolution.
Government funds did not go to the poor but only benefitted the rich.

17. Urban Living Conditions
Factory owners rushed to build housing
Back to back row houses
Several people in very small spaces
Poor sanitation
High disease rates
Crime
Massive pollution

18. Working Conditions and Wages
Common working day: 12 – 14 hours
One short break for lunch
Work week: 6 days per week
80 degree heat
Workers were beaten if they did not perform well.
Hot, polluted factory air.
Workers risked losing limbs from the machines.
Low wages.

19. Child Labor Children shifted from farm work to factory work.
12 – 14 hour days
6 day weeks
Lower wages than adults.
Began at age 5.
Mining work deformed bodies.

20. Child Labor
As concerns about the welfare of children rose in mid 1800s, Parliament held investigations into working conditions.
New laws and new labor unions improved conditions.

21. Income Gap and Cost of Living & Challenges of the Working Class
Text Book Scavenger Hunt…

22. Life in Merry Old England

23. The Impact of the Railroad

24. “The Great Land Serpent”

25. “Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life

26. Industrial Staffordshire

27. The Silent Highwayman - 1858
Problems of Pollution
The Silent Highwayman

28. The New Industrial City

29. Early-19c London by Gustave Dore

30. Worker Housing in Manchester

31. Factory Workers at Home

32. Workers Housing in Newcastle
Today

33. The Life of the New Urban Poor: A Dickensian Nightmare!

34. Private Charities: Soup Kitchens

35. Private Charities: The “Lady Bountifuls”

36. The Industrial Revolution lead to new ways of thinking

37. Capitalists

38. Adam Smith:
Thought there should be no government regulation of business. A free market will produce more goods at lower prices, making them affordable by everyone. The basis of Capitalism.

39. Thomas Malthus:
Population will outpace the food supply

40. David Ricardo:
Poor having too many children, thus leading to a high labor supply and lower wages.

41. Reformers

42. John Stuart Mill:
wanted government help for the poor he also wanted the workers and women to vote.

43. Jeremy Bentham
“The goal of society is the greatest good for the greatest number.”
There is a role to play for government intervention to provide some social safety net.

44. Robert Owen:
actually built a factory based on the idea that an employer could offer decent living and working conditions and still make a profit.

45. Karl Marx
He thought economics was really a struggle between the “haves” (upper class and merchants) and the “have nots” (working class.)
wanted the workers to have a revolution to replace private ownership of property with cooperative ownership.
Led to system of Communism.

46. British Reform Bill of 1832

47. British Reform Bills

48. The Industrial Revolution
Economic Effects
Social Effects
New inventions and development of factories
Rapidly growing industry in the 1800s
Increased production and higher demand for raw materials
Growth of worldwide trade
Population explosion and a large labor force
Exploitation of mineral resources
Highly developed banking and investment system
Advances in transportation, agriculture, and communication
Long hours worked by children in factories
Increase in population of cities
Poor city planning
Loss of family stability
Expansion of middle class
Harsh conditions for laborers
Workers’ progress vs. laissez-faire economic attitudes
Improved standard of living
Creation of new jobs
Encouragement of technological progress
Political Effects
Child labor laws to end abuses
Reformers urging equal distribution of wealth (i.e. Karl Marx)
Trade unions
Social reform movements, such as utilitarianism, utopianism, socialism, and Marxism
Reform bills in Parliament