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MAKING DECISIONS
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Objective To be able to:
Explain and apply organisational decision processes
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Activity Identify three decisions you are involved in.
Write down how one of these decisions is made.
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Decision-making Process
Formulate the problem Construct a model to represent the problem Use the model to generate the solution
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Models Rational decision-making Limited rationality model
Logical incrementalism Emergent decisions
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Rational decision-making
Define the decision Establish the objectives Classify the objectives (must/want) Define the musts (objective measurement) Define the wants (weighting) Generate alternatives Test alternatives against “musts” Score remaining alternatives against “wants” Select best alternative
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Limited rationality model
Search for a solution Stop when a feasible solution is obtained Used for: Higher level decisions Conflicting objectives Incomplete information Qualitative factors
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Logical incrementalism
Follow-up to limited rationality decision Refine decision as you proceed
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Emergent decisions Piecemeal and unstructured
Decision-making is a continuing process Suitable for higher level decisions
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Preparing for decision-making
List alternatives Details about alternatives List advantages/disadvantages of alternatives List criteria for making decision Analyse advantages/disadvantages Draw conclusions from analysis Analyse risks Plan implementation Identify obstacles to implementation Make recommendation
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Preparing for decision-making
List alternatives Details about alternatives List advantages/disadvantages of alternatives List criteria for making decision Analyse advantages/disadvantages Draw conclusions from analysis Analyse risks Plan implementation Identify obstacles to implementation Make recommendation Like articles in “Which” magazine
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