1. Data Communication and Networking CISCO – Discovery 1
Addressing
Data Communication and Networking
CISCO – Discovery 1

2. Applications – The Interface Between Human and Data Networks
Explain that applications provide the means for generating and receiving data that can be transported on the network

3. Applications – The Interface Between Human and Data Networks
Explain the role of applications, services and protocols in converting communication to data that can be transferred across the data network

4. Applications – The Interface Between Human and Data Networks
Define the separate roles applications, services and protocols play in transporting data through networks

5. The Role of Protocols in Supporting Communication
Describe the roles of client and server processes in data networks

6. The Role of Protocols in Supporting Communication
Compare and contrast client server networking with peer-to-peer networking and peer-to-peer applications

7. Physical Addressing: MAC Addressing

8. Physical Addressing

9. Logical Addressing: IP Addressing
Define the elements of communication

10. Logical Addressing
Define the elements of communication

11. Logical Addressing
Define the elements of communication

12. Purpose of the ip address
The IP address is a logical network address that identifies a particular host. It must be properly configured and unique in order to communicate with other devices on the Internet.

13. IP Address structure
An IP address is simply a series of 32 binary bits
When a host is configured with an IP address, it is entered as a dotted decimal number such as
Dotted Decimal Format
Using dotted decimal allows number patterns
to be more easily understood.

14. IP Address structure
It is very difficult for humans to read a binary IP address.
For this reason, the 32 bits are grouped into four 8-bit bytes called octets.
Determine the value of the octet by adding the values of positions wherever there is a binary 1 present.
If there is a 0 in a position, do not add the value.
If all 8 bits are 0s the value of the octet is 0.
If all 8 bits are 1s, the value of the octet is 255 ( )
If the 8 bits are mixed, such as the example , the value of the octet is 39 ( )
the value of each of the four octets can range from 0 to a maximum of 255.

16. Parts of an IP Address
The logical 32-bit IP address is hierarchical and is made up of two parts.
The first part identifies the network and
the second part identifies a host on that network.
As an example, if a host has IP address
the first three octets, ( ), identify the network portion of the address,
and the last octet, (57) identifies the host.
Network
Host

17. Parts of an IP Address

18. Parts of an IP Address
Select the PCs to the correct network address based on their IP address.

19. Parts of an IP Address
Select the PCs to the correct network address based on their IP address.

20. IP address classes
IP addresses are grouped into 5 classes.
Classes A, B and C are commercial addresses and are assigned to hosts.
Class D is reserved for multicast use and
Class E is for experimental use.
Network
Host
Class A:
Network
Host
Class B:
Class C:
Network
Host

21. IP address classes 0NNNNNNN Host 10NNNNNN Network Host 110NNNNN
0NNNNNNN
Host
Class A:
Range (1-126)
10NNNNNN
Network
Host
Class B:
Range ( )
110NNNNN
Network
Host
Class C:
Range ( )
1110MMMM
Multicast Group
Class D:
Range ( )

22. IP address classes Class A addresses are assigned to larger networks.
Class B addresses are used for medium-sized networks
Class C address is used for small networks.

24. Public and Private IP addresses
All hosts that connect directly to the Internet require a unique public IP address.
Because of the finite number of 32-bit addresses available, there is a risk of running out of IP addresses.
One solution to this problem was to reserve some private addresses for use exclusively inside an organization.
This allows hosts within an organization to communicate with one another without the need of a unique public IP address.

25. Public and Private IP addresses
As shown in the table, these private address ranges consist of a single Class A network, 16 Class B networks and 256 Class C networks.
This gives a network administrator considerable flexibility in assigning internal addresses.

26. Private addresses can be used internally by hosts in an organization as long as the hosts do not connect directly to the Internet.