1. Industrial Revolution

2. Where and when it began
The Industrial Revolution, in America, began in the North during the War of 1812.
The South held on to it’s plantation system

3. Inventions Steamboats p.328 Cotton Gin p.332-333 Erie Canal p.339
Textile (Clothing) Mill p
Mechanical Reaper p.329
Steel Plow p.329
Telegraph p.329
Interchangeable parts p

4. Industrial Revolution
The period when factory machines began replacing hand tools and manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work
Began in England
Introduced by Samuel Slater, who defied British law by building, from memory, a machine that made cotton fibers into thread

5. What is it?
There are 3 Characteristics of the Industrial Revolution

6. Economic Changes
1. Industrialization - Our economy changed from one based on agriculture to one based on industry.

7. Demographic Changes
2. Urbanization - People began leaving the country and moving into cities.

8. Technological changes
3. Innovation - New technology for agriculture, manufacturing, transportation, and communication.

9. Industrial Revolution
Factory System- the method of production that brought many workers under one roof
Interchangeable Parts- a part that is exactly like another part. This sped up production, made repairs easier, and allowed the use of lower paid, less skilled workers

10. Lowell Mills
Lowell Mills- mills that ran on waterpower beginning in Francis Cabot Lowell hired farm girls
The girls worked long hours, he paid good wages and provided company owned boarding houses
When profits began to drop in the 1830s working conditions and wages began to worsen

11. Steamboat Invention by Robert Fulton 1807
Could move against the current or strong wind, Fulton steamboat was named the Clermont
Allowed people and goods to travel faster and farther and led to the growth of cities such as New Orleans and St. Louis

12. In the early 1800s, urbanization was mainly the result of -
Shortage of land for new farms
Federally funded national roads
Impact of industrialization
Migration of Native American Indians

13. Telegraph Samuel Morse 1837 Sent pulses of electricity along a wire
A person was able to communicate in seconds with someone in another city
Telegraph and steamboat brought the nation a greater sense of national unity

14. Steel Plow John Deere, was a blacksmith 1836
Invention was light weight and had a steel cutting edge
Allowed farmers to prepare the ground faster and with less work
Because of this more farmers moved to the Midwest

15. Mechanical reaper and threshing machine
Cyrus McCormick
1834
These farm inventions cut ripe grain and separated kernels of wheat from husks

16. DOL #1
1. How did the invention of the Telegraph benefit the United States?
2. Explain how the invention created by Robert Fulton, helped the United States?
3. Summarize the purpose of the Mechanical Reaper?

17. Interchangeable Parts
Eli Whitney
1801
Was able to assemble a musket in seconds using identical parts that had been piled in a box

18. Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney
1793
Could remove seeds from cotton faster and much more efficiently than done by hand
This made cotton more valuable, planter grew more cotton rather than other goods and exports increased
Due to increased exports and profits there was a greater need for slave labor

19. Cotton Gin. Mechanical Reaper
* Cotton Gin * Mechanical Reaper * Sewing Machines Why are the innovations above similar?
A They led to improved transportation.
B They created a need for female workers.
C They led to increased production.

20. Transportation Revolution
Erie Canal
Was complete in 1825
Created a water route between New York City and Buffalo New York
Canal opened the upper Ohio Valley and the Great Lakes region to settlement and trade
The Erie Canal linked farmers to northern manufacturing sites

21. Gibbons V. Ogden A Supreme Court decision in 1824
Relating to shipping on the Hudson River in New York and New Jersey
Court ruled that federal laws are superior to state laws whenever the two are conflicting
Federal Government has the power to regulate interstate commerce

22. Railroads Construction increased between 1830s and 1850s
Improvement in rail travel led to a decline in the use of canals
Railroads linked the nation from the east to west coast
Many Chinese and Irish immigrants completed construction

23. Clay’s American System
1. Tariff used to protect American manufactured goods from competition with cheaper British products. 2. Revenues used to build roads and canals in the American west

24. American Industrialist Innovations
Individual
Responsible
Date
Industrial
Innovation
Samuel Slater
1790
Built the first
textile mill in
the U.S.
1793
Cotton gin;
interchangeable parts
Robert Fulton
1807
Steamboat
Samuel Morse
1837
Elias Howe
1845
Sewing
machine
Which of the following completes the chart above?
A McCormick/Steam Engine
B Bell/Mechanical Reaper
C Eli Whitney/ Telegraph
D Deere/Telephone

25. Impact of Industrial and Transportation Revolution
Sectionalism
The nation was divided by its interests, attitudes, and overall lifestyles.
Northerners focused on fast-paced business and industry, spending their days manufacturing, shipping, and trading goods.
Southern economy relied on slow and steady agricultural growth. Planting and picking crops was the work of slaves who supported plantation owners' with their labor.
Changes in Production
Urbanization
Rise of a National Market
Changed living standards

26. Map of Population

27. Industrial Revolution DOL #2
1. Summarize the Industrial Revolution. 2. List all the innovations that helped farming in the United States? 3. What innovation is responsible for the rebirth of slavery in America? 4. Which 2 immigrant groups helped build the railroad? 5. Explain the significance of the Supreme court case, Gibbons v Ogden ?