1. Dawn of the Industrial Age
Mr. Divett

2. Industrial Revolution
People used to live in farming villages.
In the mid-1700s machines replaced simple tools.
This started in Britain.
This became known as the Industrial Revolution.

3. Farming Village

4. Pre-Industrial Revolution
People knew little about the world outside of their town.
Most people had never travel further than a horse drawn cart could take them.
Most people:
Grew their own food
Lived in cabins
Lived by firelight and candle

5. Travel

6. Farming

7. Industrial Revolution
Changes from the Industrial Revolution:
Shift to towns and cities from villages
Purchasing of clothing and food
Travel by way of train and steamship
Communication by telegraph
Advances in science

8. Steam Locomotive

9. New Innovations
The first use of anesthetic in dental work occurred between 1830 and 1855.
The first sewing machine invented by an American.
The speed of light was measured by a French physicist.
Antiseptic techniques reduced death from childbirth.

10. Sewing Machine

11. More Changes
Skyscrapers
Suburbs

12. Agriculture Spurs Industry
Farming methods were unchanged for 11,000 years.
The Dutch were responsible for some of the first agricultural innovations:
Dikes
Fertilizer

13. British Improve on Dutch Methods
Farming ideas spread through journals.
New ideas:
Mixing soils
Crop Rotation
Turnips growing to restore exhausted soil
Seed drill, invented by Jethro Tull

14. Jethro Tull

15. Seed Drill

16. Enclosure
The British Parliament passed legislation that facilitated enclosure.
Enclosure is the taking over and consolidation of peasant land for farming.
Farm output increased.
Laborers found themselves out of work and had to move to cities to work with machines.

17. Population Increase
Britain’s population increased from 5 million in 1700 to almost 9 million in 1800.
Europe’s population rose from 120 million yo 180 million for the same period.
This was due to:
Reduced risk of death
Surplus of food
Better hygiene and sanitation

18. Population Increase

19. New Technology New energy:
Coal
Steam
Thomas Newcomen developed steam engine in 1712
James Watt perfected it 1764 and it became the main power source of the Industrial Revolution.
Steam was used to power locomotives and steamships

20. James Watt

21. Iron Coal was used to smelt iron, or separate the iron from its ore.
This technique was pioneered by the Darby family.
Iron was less expensive and better quality from the new technique.
Abraham Darby III built the worlds first iron bridge.
Iron later became used in railroads.

22. Iron

23. First Iron Bridge