1. HINDU COLLEGE OF PG COURSES
CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
USES OF NMR IN
MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICs
Presented by,
D.Manga Sunanda
I.M.S.C Chemistry

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BASIC PRINCIPLE DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS
DRUG DEVELOPMENT
NMR Nobel prize laureates

3. INTRODUCTION BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR Atomic nuclei – tiny magnets
In external magnetic field - allign or oppose
If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency – Resonance
√ α βo
PARAMETERS
Chemical shifts
Spin lattice relaxation time

4. DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES Based on nuclei H1 NMR C13 NMR F13 NMR & P31 NMR
N15 NMR & O17 NMR
CWNMR
FTNMR
2D_NMR &3D_NMR
COSY _CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY
MRI_MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
ESR_ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

5. APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE
CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PROTON IMAGING IN DIAGNOSIS
BRAIN
Distinguishing gray matter & white matter
Imaging posterior fossae, brain stem, spinal cord
Detect demyelinating lesions, tumors, hemorrhages, infarctions

6. ABDOMEN KIDNEYS PELVIS Metabolic liver disease
Measures liver iron over load in hemochromatosis
Focal areas of inflammation in chronic active hepatisis
KIDNEYS
Distinguishing renal cortex & medulla
To evaluate transplanted kidney
PELVIS
Differentiates between Benign prostatic hyperplasia & prostatic carcinoma
Detects bladder tumours

7. MEDIASTINUM, HILUM, LUNG
Assessing abnormalities
Respiratory gating
HEART
Tomographic images of heart muscle, chambers, valvular structures
ECHO-PLANAR TECHNIQUE
Discrimination between infarcted, ischemic & normal myocardium
BREAST
3D-NMR & single-slice planar imaging in detecting breast abnormalities

8. MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM
Demonstrates Osteo myelitis, tumor metastasis in vertebral bodies & pelvic bones
Images of muscles, tendons, ligaments
BLOOD VESSELS & FLOW
Atherosclerotic vascular disease
Assess blood flow in major vessels.
INVIVO SPECTROSCOPY
Chemical shift phenomenon
Diagnosis of rare disease to inborn errors- Mc Ardle’s syndrome
INVIVO Analysis of Bone flouride content.

9. PUTTING NMR IMAGING INTO PERSPECTIVE
Eliminates risk of x-radiation
Excellent spatial & contrast resolution
Detecting diseases at earlier stages

10. NMR IN PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
Leading technology for 3-D structure determination of bio-macromolecules
Studying protein structure
SAR by NMR – Novel lead compounds
Chemical shift mapping – Structural information on the binding modes and site positions
Molecular dynamics, conformational analysis
SHAPES
NMR – SOLVE

11. Structural genomics Development of Novel drug delivery systems
Identifying gene products in disease
Targets of drug design.
Development of Novel drug delivery systems
Enhancing HTS assays
Thousands of compounds
Cryogenic NMR technology / cryoprobes

12. NMR Nobel Prize Laureates
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943, Ohostern, USA – Discovery of magnetic moment of proton
The Nobel Prizein Physics IsidorJ. Rafi,USA – Discovery of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 – Felix Bloch, USA and Edward M. Purcell, USA – Methodology of high resolution NMR.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 – Kurt Wuthrich, Switzerland – Determining 3-D Structure by NMR.
The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003 – Paul C. Lauterbur, USA and Peter Mans field, U.K. – Discoveries concerning MRI.

13. THANKING YOU