1. INTRO TO WORLD HISTORY

4. A.D.
What does A.D. which is short for Anno Domini translate to in the English language?

6. BC
What does B.C. mean in the English Language?

14. Timeline Activity
Students practice time and dating skills and research skills by making their own timelines.  
Directions:  create a timeline using 5 historical events in the B.C. Era, then 5 historical events in the A.D. Era, and 5 Personal History Dates (Events that happened in your life or a family member).  
For each date include an explanation with 2 complete sentences and an illustration.
Place in Chronological Order.

15. Calculating Time Decade = 10 years Century = 100 years
Millennium = 1000 years

16. Centuries
In history books, the title of the century refers to the 100 years prior.
Example:
16th Century = 1501 – 1600
In other words the 16th century refers to the 1500’s.

17. A century is 100 years. 1st Century A.D. = A.D. 1 – A.D. 100
2nd Century A.D. = A.D. 101 – A.D. 200
3rd Century A.D. = A.D. 201 – A.D. 300
10th Century A.D. = A.D. 901 – A.D. 1000

18. 15th Century A.D. = 1401 – 1500
16th Century A.D. =
20th Century A.D. = 1901 – 2000
21st Century A.D. = 2001 – 2100

19. B.C. Years Work the Same, But Reverse.
1st Century B.C. = 100 B.C. – 1 B.C.
2nd Century B.C. = 200 B.C. – 101 B.C.
Remember it is very important to write “BC” or “BCE” when referring to these dates. But AD is assumed = no need to label.

20. How to calculate between dates in A.D. and B.C.
Formula:
Same = Subtract
Different = Add

21. Example: How many years are between 1000 B.C. and 500 B.C.?
Since they are both B.C. (the same)
You subtract.
1000 B.C.
-500 B.C.
500 years

22. It is the same if they are both A.D.
How many years between 2013 and 1920?
Since they are both A.D. (the same)
You Subtract.
2013
-1920
93 years

23. A.D. to B.C. If you are calculating years between A.D. and B.C.
Then they are different.
Different = Add

24. Example: How many years are between 508 B.C. and 2013?
Since you are calculating between A.D. and B.C., they are different.
Different = Add
2013
+508 B.C.
2521 years

25. Give Students Practice Activity
Practice calculating centuries and dates?

26. Roman Numerals
In World History the Roman Numbering system is commonly used to represent multiple events and emperors with the same titles.
Examples: World War II or King George III

27. Roman Numerals
I = ones
V = five
X = tens
L = fifty
C = hundred

28. Roman Numerals
When the ones “I” is after the letter you add a one, but when the letter “I” appears first, you subtract a one.
Example
VI = but IV = 4
XI = but IX = 9
XIV = 14 but XVI = 16
XXI = but XIX = 19

29. Practice King Henry VIII World War I World War II King George VI
King Louis XIV
King Louis XVI

30. Prehistoric vs. Historic

31. Prehistoric Time Before people started having a written language.
Before 4000 B.C. approx.
Historians and scientists (archeologists and anthropologists) use artifacts and human remains to tell the story of man.
What is the difference between a archeologist and an anthropologist?
Dating is approx. and often carbon dating is used. Why?

32. Artifacts Artifacts are man made items.
Examples: Tools, pots, weapons, jewelry…..

33. Historic Times
People began to have written records. Though early written language used symbols.
Evidence was discovered of politics, economics, and socialization.
Dating became more precise.

34. What is History? History is the story of mans past.
Historiography is the writing of history. It includes the methods that historians use to research and recount history.
Why is studying history important?
When will you use your history skills and knowledge as a citizen of the U.S.A.?
What careers use history skills?
When will you use it in your chosen career?

35. Steps Taken By a Historian
Picks a topic to research.
Researches using primary and secondary sources.
Interprets the information base on his point of view.

36. Two Types of Sources
Primary Sources: information obtained from a person who was at the event and witnessed it.
Examples: diaries, autobiographies, some paintings, photographs, artifacts, written records.

37. Two Types of Sources Cont.
Secondary Sources: Information obtained by someone who was not at the event or someone who researched and studied the past event.
Examples: encyclopedias, textbooks, history books.

38. Point of View
ALL primary and secondary SOURCES have a point of view. Some refer to this as bias.
Because the word “bias” is often associated with negativity, and opinions / interpretations are not necessarily negative; we now refer to it as “point of view”, whether positive or negative about an issue.

39. Analyzing Historical Sources
This year we will be working on the skills of researching, analyzing sources and writing analytical historical essays based on research, otherwise called the “DBQ” or “Document Based Question Essay.
Yes, you will be able to do that by the end of the year! You will become a “Historian”.
But we will start with the basic steps first.
Analyzing sources!

40. Analyzing Sources
The first step and skill in preparing to be a historian is gathering and analyzing sources.
We will learn to do this using APPARTS
APPARTS is a system developed by the AP College Board to help students pick “appart” documents and sources, analyze the entire document or source, and relate its relevance to the question or topic.

41. A
Author = Who created the source? What do you know about the author? What is the author’s point of view?
What can determine the point of view of an author, artist, or speaker?
Frame of Reference: personal background, age education , beliefs, culture, (continue the list, what else affects the frame of reference?)….
Historical Context: the time and location in which the write lives.

42. P
Place and Time: Where and when was the source produced? How might this affect the meaning of the source?
For Example: A source from Soviet Union 1980 would greatly differ from a source in the USA in 1980? Why?

43. P
Prior Knowledge: Beyond information about the author, and the context of the document’s creation, what do you know that would help you further understand the source?
Do you have any knowledge about any of the information in the source?
Example: If your source was an excerpt from the Gettysburg Address, what prior knowledge do you have?

44. A
Audience: For who was the source created and how might this affect the reliability of the source? Who was meant to hear it, read it, or view it?
For Example: How might the President’s speech to Congress differ from a speech to the American People, or an interview with Jimmy Kemmel?

45. R Reason: Why was this source created?
How might this affect the reliability of the source? For this question, you want think about the audience, the context, the author, etc…
Is it a reliable source?

46. T
The Main Idea: What is the main point is the source trying to convey?
Basically: What is the source about?

47. S Significance: How is the source important to my question?
Ask yourself, “So what?” in relation to the question asked?
How does this source help you answer your essay question? How does this source support or provide evidence for your essay?

48. How to answer the question?
When you get a generic essay question, how do you come up with the topics to talk about in your answer.
Ex. Analyze the factors… Evaluate the characteristics…..Determine the effects of…..Compare the concepts of….. Etc….
To come up with topics to help you answer these generic questions, you will use GPERSIA.

49. G = Geography
Physical geography, location, boundaries, trade routes, migration, climate, weather patterns, …..

50. P= Political
Forms of government, laws, rights, war and conflicts, parties, foreign relations, internal conflicts, revolts, military, rulers, elections,……..

51. E = Economics
Types of economies, currency, income levels or gaps, GDP, debt, tributaries, tax system,……

52. R= Religion
Types of religions, beliefs, practices, rituals, afterlife, dress, rules, texts or stories, diffusion,…..

53. S = Social
Classes, ethnicity, race, gender, roles, jobs, age, educational background, language, interaction,……

54. I = Intellectual
Education system, technology, function of architecture, astronomy, science, philosophy, medicine, math, inventors, discoveries,……

55. A = Art
Architecture, Music, Dance, Literature, Sculpture, Paintings, Theater, Drama,….

56. Give Students Practice Activity
Practice identifying primary and secondary sources.
Practice APPARTS with historical sources.