1. Do Now
What steps do you know of the scientific method? Put them in order. What do they mean?

2. What’s Wrong with this Picture?

3. Scientific Method Determine the problem
Research/Background Information
Make a hypothesis
Experiment/Test your hypothesis
Analyze the results
Conclusion

4. Observation vs Inference
OBSERVATION – use your 5 senses…just the facts
INFERENCE – what you assume based on what you see

5. Observation vs Inference

6. Scientific Method
Hypothesis – a possible solution/a testable prediction
Theory - explanation of “why”
based on many observations & experimental results

7. THEY ARE NOT SET IN STONE!
Scientific Method
Theories are well-accepted by scientists, but...
THEY ARE NOT SET IN STONE!
They are revised when new information is discovered.

8. Scientific Method Determine the problem. My car will not start
Make observations/Do research
Did you fill up the gas tank?
Did you leave a light on?
How old are the parts?
Make a hypothesis.
The battery is dead
There is no gas

9. Scientific Method Test your hypothesis. Analyze the results.
How could we test our hypothesis?
Analyze the results.
What happened during our test?
Draw conclusions.
Was our hypothesis correct?
Is further testing necessary?

10. Experiment Experiment - organized procedure for testing a hypothesis
Key Components:
Control – standard for comparison
Variable – what changes
Repeated trials – for reliability

11. Do Now 8/30/16
What can you OBSERVE? What can you INFER?

12. Experiment
ACCURATE – capable of providing a correct reading or measurement (exact)
PRECISE – can get the results repeatedly (can reproduce the results)

13. Experiment Types of Variables Independent Variable
adjusted by the experimenter
what you vary
Dependent Variable
changes in response to the indep. variable
what you measure

14. Experiment Hypothesis:
Storing popcorn in the freezer makes it pop better.
Control:
Popcorn stored at room temp.

15. Experiment Variable: Storage temperature Constants: Popcorn brand
Freshness
Storage time
Popper

16. Experiment Independent Variable: Storage temperature
Number of unpopped kernels

17. Questions

18. Graphing
The Dependent Variable is also called the Responding Variable on the Y-axis “DRY”
The Manipulated Variable is also called the Independent Variable on the X-axis “MIX”
Independent Variable = Manipulated Variable
The scientist chooses to change this detail, to see what effects it will have.
Ex. A plant with a light. A plant with no light.
Having a light not on is a choice .= independent variable.
The Independent Variable is always placed
on the X-axis in graphs and first in data tables.
Dependent Variable = Responding Variable
The scientist has to wait to see the results that have responded to the choices the scientist made to conditions.
Ex. One plant grows short, thick stems.
The other plant grows tall, weak stems.
The difference that occurs between the stems is a surprise.
The Dependent Variable is always placed
on the Y-axis in graphs and 2nd in data tables.
**EVERY GRAPH MUST HAVE A TITLE

19. Line Graphs…
Both sets of data are measured in numbers.

20. Bar Graphs:
The Independent variable is displayed with a NAME, but the measurements (results) are a number.

21. Composition of the Atmosphere
Pie Graph – shows how something is divided into different parts (%).