1. Refining the Refomration
The History of
Christianity
Refining the Refomration
© John Stevenson, 2016

2. St Bartholomew Day Massacre
Timeline
Queen Elizabeth
King James Version
Henry VIII
Church 95
Theses
Spanish Armada sunk
America
Discovered
Zwingli at
Zurich
Dutch Revolt
1480
1500
1520
1540
1560
1580
1600
Martin Luther
St Bartholomew Day Massacre
Ulrich Zwingli
Edict of Nance
John Calvin
John Knox

3. Heidelberg Catechism Death of Melanchthon (1560)
1563
Death of Melanchthon (1560)
Growth of Calvinism in Germany
Elector Frederick III of Palatinate
Catechism
Diet of Augsburg (1566)

4. Representatives have authority in the church
Lutherans
Calvinists
Predestination not a focus
Predestination emphasized
Representatives have authority in the church
Only religious authority is the Bible
Body and blood of Christ have physical presence in bread and wine
Body and blood of Christ have only spiritual presence in bread and wine
Vestments worn by priests
Rejection of vestments by ministers
Ornamentation and artwork used in church
Rejection of all images in church

5. The Dutch Revolt Calvinist ministers lead to iconoclasm
1566
Calvinist ministers lead to iconoclasm
Philip II of Spain sends Duke of Alva to punish them
Council of Blood
Even Catholics resented Alva
William the Silent

6. The Dutch Revolt Unpaid Spanish soldiers aid rebels Inca gold
1566
Unpaid Spanish soldiers aid rebels
Inca gold
William seeks to have freedom of religion
William the Silent

7. The Dutch Revolt
Belgic Confession
Religious refugees

8. St Bartholomew Day Massacre
1572
Catholics ruled France under sons of Catherine de Medici
Nobles turning to Calvinism: Huguenots
Marriage of Catholic Margaret of Valois to Huguenot Henry of Navarre

9. St Bartholomew Day Massacre
1572
Attempted assassination of Huguenot noble
Fearing an uprising, de Medeci had her son authorize the murder of all Huguenot leaders

10. St Bartholomew Day Massacre
1572
Attempted assassination of Huguenot noble
Fearing an uprising, de Medeci had her son authorize the murder of all Huguenot leaders
70,000 Protestants killed in France

11. St Bartholomew Day Massacre
1572
Henry of Navarre
Henry III
Henry of Guise
Protestant but next in line for the throne
Last surviving son of Catherine de Medici & King of France
Head of Catholic League

12. The Three Henrys Henry of Navarre Henry III Henry of Guise
Protestant but next in line for the throne
Forced to flee Paris
Invaded Paris on the Day of the Barricades (1588)

13. The Three Henrys Henry of Navarre Henry III Henry of Guise
Protestant but next in line for the throne
Has Henry of Guise murdered

14. The Three Henrys Henry of Navarre Henry III
Protestant but next in line for the throne
Murdered by a Roman Catholic monk

15. Huguenots in France
Henry of Navarre converts to Catholicism to become King of France
“Paris is worth a mass”
Edict of Nance (1598)
Huguenots allowed to worship privately
Banned from Paris & other major cities

16. Jacob Arminius Studied under Theodore Beza
Studied under Theodore Beza
Professor of theology at University of Leiden in Netherlands
His followers published five points of remonstrance against Calvinism

17. Articles of Remonstrance
1610
Election is based upon man’s faith
Universal atonement
Man needs to be regenerated in order to believe
The Holy Spirit works in man to believe, but man can resist the Spirit’s work
It is possible for believers to fall from grace and be lost

18. Christ died for each and every man
Arminians
Calvinists
God determined to save whoever would believe in Jesus
God determined to save certain people and bring them to faith in Jesus
Christ died for each and every man
Christ’s death brought some men to salvation
Men are saved by using their own free will to accept God’s grace
Men are saved as God draws them to His grace
God’s grace is resistible
God’s grace is irresistible
People retain their salvation only as they persevere in faith
The Lord will cause all of those whom He has chosen to persevere

19. Synod of Dort Held at Dordrect in Netherlands Condemned Arminianism
Held at Dordrect in Netherlands
Condemned Arminianism

20. Amyraldism Moses Amyraut, French theology professor
Took issue with Limited Atonement (4-point Calvinist)
Seen by some as a compromise between Calvinism vs Arminianism

21. Jansenism Cornelius Jansen, Roman Catholic Bishop of Ypres
Wrote on Augustinian Theology, but not published until after his death in 1638
Human depravity
Necessity of effective grace
Justification by faith
Predestination

22. Jansenism Cornelius Jansen, Roman Catholic Bishop of Ypres
Wrote on Augustinian Theology, but not published until after his death
Convent at Port Royale influenced by his book
Entire convent excommunicated

23. Jansenism Papal Bull condemning Jansenism:
Without God’s enabling grace, fallen humans cannot exercise faith or merit God’s favor
God’s grace cannot be resisted
Christ died to secure salvation for the elect