1. Mexican Texas and Anglo Immigration, 1821-1836

2. A Great Irony Mexico and Illegal immigration Empresarios
Primarily from the US - especially the Upper South
Spanish encouragement
Buffers
Militarization
Empresarios

3. Empresarios Moses Austin Definition:
Panic of 1819
Death in 1821
Definition:
An agent hired by the government with the legal power to recruit authorized immigrants and sell them land.

4. Stephen F. Austin The Old Three Hundred Requirements Citizenship
Law abiding
Spanish
Catholicism
Assimilation

6. Famous immigrants 1st immigrant Jared Groce – founder of Hempstead
Settlements
-Navasota
-Brenham -LaGrange -San Felipe de Austin

7. Legal Structure of the Empresario Grants
Imperial Colonization Law of 1823
Acreage for agriculture
2-year progress requirement
Religion
Slaves
Coahuila y Tejas Law (1825)
Spanish and Catholicism

8. Other Empresarios
Green Dewitt
Martin de León
Guadalupe Victtoria

9. Fredonian Rebellion US filibuster into Tejas Haden Edwards Ben Edwards
Dealing with illegal immigration
Conflict with Mexico over handling
Ben Edwards
“Republic of Fredonia.”
“Austin’s militia”

10. Changes coming General Manuel Mier y Teran Recommendations
Lack of Mexican influence
Segregation and discrimination
TONS of illegal immigration
Lack of assimilation
Recommendations
More colonists from the interior
More non-American whites
Increased military presence

11. Law of April 6, 1830 Immigration from US illegal
Suspends the empresario system
Militarizes Tejas
Prohibits further importation of slaves
Enforcement of tariffs

12. Responses Protest in Mexico City Tax protests Anahuac Velasco
Nacogdoches

13. Slavery Emancipation Decree (1829) William Barret Travis
Led to a huge runaway problem
William Barret Travis
Slavecatcher
Charges of Sedition

14. Texas Convention of 1832 Held in San Felipe de Austin
A petition to the Mexican government
Repeal the Law of April 6th
Separate statehood for Tejas
Exempt Tejas from taxes

15. Texas Convention of 1833 Sam Houston elected leader
Create an army to protect Tejas
Independence movement
“draft” constitution for Tejas

16. Austin in Mexico City Meets with Santa Anna Presents petition
Agrees to exempt Texas from slaves
Exempts Texas from taxes
Austin loses his cool
“Prison of the Inquisition.”

17. The Road to Texas’ Revolution
Santa Anna seizes power
Dissolution of the Federal Constitution
“un-charters” the states
Revolutions in opposition to Santa Anna
Zacatecas
Yucatan
California
Coahuila y Tejas

18. Organization in Texas Militias – loyal to locals Gonazales
“Come and Take it”
American rebels
Lt. Francisco de Castaneda
Militia successes
Goliad (1835)
San Antonio (1835)

19. Consultation of 1835 Austin colony Official vote of secession
Creation of an army
Sam Houston placed in command
Santa Anna
6000 man army sent to California
Conscripts 3000

20. Declaration of Independence
Washington on the Brazos
Several of the delegates were Tejanos
Elites
slaveholders

21. Understanding the revolution
Liberty Loving Anglos
Southern Slavocracy
Constitutional conflict
Economics
Political values
Contempt for Mexico
Ethnocentrism and racism as cause
Ethnocentrism and racism as result

22. Battle of the Alamo 1836 Santa Anna loses 1500 men
Interior fighting was about 20 minutes
Casualties – near total loss for rebels

23. Goliad - General Jose Urrea doiminates Fannin’s indecision
“no quarter”
Unifying factor

24. “The Runaway Scrape” and the end
Battle of San Jacinto
Santa Anna surrenders
Recognizes Texas independence
Recognizes border as Rio Grande
Treaty of Velasco
Never recognized by Mexico

25. Tejanos At minimum 150-160 combatants Juan Seguin Esparza Brothers
Gregorio
Francisco
Lorenzo de Zavala - Vice president of Texas

26. African Americans Greenbury Logan Samuel McCullough Slaves
Role of slavery in new “republic”