1. Grade 8 Science
2002 Released Test

2. 1. Which of these uses the forces of gravity to make it move?
A sailboat moving across a lake
A car making a right turn
A snow sled going downhill
A bicycle rolling to a stop 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

3. 2. The presence of permafrost is a characteristic of which major biome?
Tundra
Taiga
Temperate forest
Grasslands 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

4. 3. Plants release oxygen into the air as a result of photos
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Hydrogen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

5. A container of a different size A different amount of antifreeze
4. A student wanted to test the hypothesis that adding antifreeze to water lowers the freezing point of water. The student found that pure water froze at 0°C, while the water/antifreeze mixture froze at the student should repeat the experiment using -
A container of a different size
A different amount of antifreeze
A different amount of water
Exactly the same set-up as the first experiment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

6. 5. Type of plant Amount of water Color of light Size of pot 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

7. 6. Oxygen Chlorine Sulfur Germanium 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1415 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

8. Shape Mass State of matter size
7. The amount of gravitational attraction between the Earth and an object depends on the object’s distance from the Earth and the object’s -
Shape
Mass
State of matter
size 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

9. 8. Of the following, which is the correct progression in the food chain?
Producers → herbivores → carnivores
Herbivores → producers → carnivores
Producers → carnivores → herbivores
Carnivores → herbivores → producers 1 2 3 4 5 6 → 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32

10. 9. Which of these are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Cell membranes
Endoplasmic reticulum 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

11. Temperature of the water Amount of sugar used Amount of time stirring
10. A student predicts that more sugar will dissolve in warm water than in cold water. She puts some water in a container, adds sugar, and then stirs. The amount of undissolved sugar is then observed. When this student repeats the experiment to verify her prediction, the only thing that should change is the -
Amount of water used
Temperature of the water
Amount of sugar used
Amount of time stirring 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

12. 11. Which of the following molecules does not contain three atoms?2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

13. 12. The function of a cell nucleus is to -
Direct the activities of the cell
Help the cell expel waste
Digest foreign substances
Transport substances around the cell 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

14. Picture Choice 1 Picture Choice 2 Picture Choice 3 Picture Choice 4 A.
13. Which of the best shows what is happening to the cell in pure water? A.
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

15. Condensation Evaporation Transpiration Precipitation
14. Which of these processes in the water cycle causes dew to form in the morning?
Condensation
Evaporation
Transpiration
Precipitation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

16. Cubic meters Milliliters Cubic feet kiloliters
15. A student conducted an experiment on plant growth that required adding about one cupful of liquid fertilizer to several plants each week. In order to accurately measure the fertilizer given to each plant, the fertilizer volume should be measured in -
Cubic meters
Milliliters
Cubic feet
kiloliters 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

17. 16. Early space flights were unmanned because -
Humans had no interest in space exploration
Reliable life-support systems were not yet developed
Rockets flew too fast for human survival
Humans could not withstand the force of takeoff 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

18. 17. One way plants and animals are alike is that they both –
Move to get their food
Make their own food
Use carbon dioxide
Use oxygen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

19. millivolt Ohmmeter newton-meter Kilowatt-hour
18. Consumers of electrical energy are billed according to how much energy they use. The unit most commonly used for measuring electrical energy consumption is the -
millivolt
Ohmmeter
newton-meter
Kilowatt-hour 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

20. 19. Which of these cannot be separated into its parts by an ordinary chemical or physical process?
A mixture of salts (NaCl, KI)
A compound of nitrogen (NH3)
An atom of carbon (C)
An acid of chlorine (HCI) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

21. Its reactivity Its expansion rate Its density Its melting point
20. A student determined the mass and volume of a gold ring. What physical property of the gold can be determined using these two measurements?
Its reactivity
Its expansion rate
Its density
Its melting point 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

22. 21. Which of these best shows particles in a mixture?
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

23. Picture Choice 1 Picture Choice 2 Picture Choice 3 Picture Choice 4
22. Which of the following orientations of magnets would result in the greatest attraction between the two magnets? A.
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

24. Radiation Convection Conduction Ultrasonic
23. The Earth is warmed by solar energy. How is this energy transferred from the sun to the Earth?
Radiation
Convection
Conduction
Ultrasonic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

25. 24. An example of kinetic energy continuously being changed to potential energy and back again might be -
A girl swinging on a swing
A train moving down a track
Electric charges moving in a straight path
A plate sitting on the edge of a table. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

26. 25.
10⁰C
14⁰C
20⁰C
28⁰C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

27. 26. A new medication dissolves blood clots
26. A new medication dissolves blood clots. However, if too much is used, excessive bleeding occurs. Which method should scientists use to determine the best dosage of this new medication?
Use people of many different ages as test subjects
Have the test subjects eat a wide variety of foods with the medication
Change the times the medication is given to determine if timing affects bleeding
Vary only the dosage of the medication while keeping everything else constant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

28. Reactants Products Elements suspensions
27. In an experiment combining vinegar and baking soda, gas is given off. In this chemical reaction, the vinegar and baking soda are —
Reactants
Products
Elements
suspensions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

29. 28.
1975
1980
1985
1990 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

30. Bicycle Skateboard Pencil sharpener crowbar
29. A wheel-and-axle is a lever that rotates around a fixed point. All of the following machines employ a wheel-and-axle except a-
Bicycle
Skateboard
Pencil sharpener
crowbar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

31. Mercury Earth Venus Saturn
30. Scientist have been able to find no atmosphere around this planet because it has little gravity and is closest to the sun. The planet described is -
Mercury
Earth
Venus
Saturn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

32. Milliliters Calories Centimeters milligrams
31. As a supplement to some diets, iron is taken in tablet form. The mass of iron in these tablets is often measured in -
Milliliters
Calories
Centimeters
milligrams 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

33. Picture Choice 1 Picture Choice 2 Picture Choice 3 Picture Choice 4
32. Some students counted the birds in an area. They counted the number of species present and the number of birds in each species. Which of these would be best to use to report the results?
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 A. B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

34. Picture Choice 1 Picture Choice 2 Picture Choice 3 Picture Choice 4 A.
33. An experiment determined that 20 g of mass were gained by a mouse on acorn diet, 15 g by a mouse on a rice diet, and 18 g for the mouse on a grain diet. The corn-fed mouse started out at 95 g, the rice-fed at 98 g, and the grain-fed at 92 g. Which of the following tables describes these data and any other data which can be directly computed from these numbers?
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 A. B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

35. 34. Which amphibian is most aquatic?
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

36. 35. Solid to a liquid Solid to a gas Liquid to a gas Liquid to a solid1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

37. 36. Which drawing shows a circuit that will cause the light to come on?
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 A. B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

38. Ozone (03) Oxygen (O2) Methane (CH4) Nitrogen (N2)
37. A compound is a molecule made up of atoms from at least two elements. Which of the following gases is a compound?
Ozone (03)
Oxygen (O2)
Methane (CH4)
Nitrogen (N2) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

39. 38. Which of these correctly shows how a light ray is reflected from a mirror?
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

40. 39. Mechanical → heat → chemical Heat → chemical → light
Electrical → mechanical → chemical
Chemical → electrical → light 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

41. 40. In humans, which of these is required for carrying oxygen from the lungs to body cells?
Plasma
Platelets
Red blood cells
White blood cells 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

42. 41. The only place visited by manned exploration outside Earth is -
The sun
The moon
Venus
Mars 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

43. 42.
Plant
Rabbit
Hawk
fox 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

44. Have identical genetic makeup Are twice the size of the parent cell
43. During mitosis, the doubling of chromosomes ensures that both new cells -
Have identical genetic makeup
Are twice the size of the parent cell
Serve different functions
Remain attached to each other 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

45. System, organ, tissue, cell Organ, tissue, cell, system
44. Many living organisms have body structures that go from very simple to very complex. Which of these places the structures in the correct order, from least complex to most complex?
System, organ, tissue, cell
Organ, tissue, cell, system
Cell, system, organ, tissue
Cell, tissue, organ, system 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

46. 45. The size of the diver increases.
The volume of air in the diver decreases.
The water in the bottle becomes less dense.
The air in the water comes out of solution. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

47. 46. Which of these illustrates a predator-prey relationship?
An eagle catching a fish
A flea feeding on a dog
A horse eating grass
A rooster fighting another rooster 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

48. 47. Carbon-dating Hypotheses of scientists
Observations of modern horses
The fossil record 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

49. 48. During the process of evaporation, liquid water becomes -
Tiny drops of water
Separate atoms of water
Molecules of water vapor
Atoms of hydrogen and oxygen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

50. A tree growing in a field A grasshopper eating leaves
49. Which of the following is an example of a decomposer at work in the food web?
A tree growing in a field
A grasshopper eating leaves
A seagull catching a fish
A fungus growing on a log 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

51. Chemical Nuclear Heat electrical
50. Because it can be transported easily and converted into other forms of energy, the energy form most commonly used in households is -
Chemical
Nuclear
Heat
electrical 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32