1. turn in homework from p. 467 Get out your respiratory diagrams.
Tuesday, February 21, 2017
turn in homework from p. 467
Get out your respiratory diagrams.

2. LEQ
What are the parts of the respiratory passageway and the functions of each?

5. Respiratory System Notes
Ch 13

6. Function Obtaining oxygen Removing carbon dioxide
Transporting air into & out of lungs
Filtering air
help control temp. & water content of air
Produce vocal sounds
Sense of smell
Regulate blood pH

7. respiration Process of gas exchange between atmosphere and cells Steps
Ventilation
Gas exchange between blood and air in lungs
Gas transport in blood
Gas exchange between blood and cells

8. Upper Respiratory tract
Nose
Nasal cavity
Paranasal sinuses
pharynx

9. Lower respiratory tract
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchial tree
lungs

10. breathing Movement of air in = inspiration or inhalation
Movement of air out = expiration or exhalation
Atmospheric pressure moves air into lungs
Nerves stimulate the diaphragm to contract

11. Air volume & capacity Spirometry = measurement of air volumes
Respiratory cycle = 1 inspiration plus following expiration
Tidal volume = volume of air that enters or leaves during a single respiratory cycle; about 500 mL

12. Air volume & capacity
Inspiratory reserve volume (complemental air) = extra volume that enters the lungs during forced inspiration; up to 3,000 mL

13. Air volume & capacity
Expiratory reserve volume (supplemental air) = quantity of air expelled during forced expiration; about 1, 100 mL more than resting tidal volume
Residual volume = amount of air that remains in lungs after forced expiration; about 1,200 mL

14. Respiratory capacities
Found by combining 2 or more of the respiratory volumes
Vital capacity =TV + IRV +ERV; max amount of air a person can exhale
Functional residual capacity = ERV + RV; vol. of air left in lung after exhalation of tidal volume
Total lung capacity = VC +RV; total volume of air that the lungs can hold

15. Respiratory center
Groups of neurons in the brainstem that control inspiration and expiration
Medullary rhythmicity area: cause diaphragm to contract or a forceful inhalation
Pneumotaxic area: controls breathing rate

16. Factors affecting breathing
Chemosensitive areas
Peripheral chemoreceptors
Inflation reflex

17. Gas Exchange
Alveoli = microscopic air sacs that exchange gases between the air and blood
Lined with simple squamous epithelium and capillaries
Respiratory membrane = 2 layers of cells that separate air in alveoli from blood in a capillary; where gas exchange occurs

18. Gas transport O2 binds to hemoglobin in RBC’s to form oxyhemoglobin
Hypoxia – O2 deficiency in blood
CO2 is transport dissolved in plasma, bonded to hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin, or as a bicarbonate ion (CO2 + H2O  H2CO3)

19. Gas Exchange InfoGraphic
due Monday
InfoGraphic = visual representation of information