1. Senior Health Mrs. Clark
Contraceptives
Senior Health
Mrs. Clark

2. Sterilization (Male)
Vascectomy: Vas Deferens are tied or cut to prevent sperm from reaching urethra
95-99% Effective
$300-$600
Permanent birth control method performed by doctor
Does not prevent against STD’s
Disadvantages?

3. Sterilization (Female)
Tubal Ligation: Fallopian Tubes are cut to stop egg from reaching the uterus.
95-99% Effective
$1500-$2500
Permanent birth control method performed by a doctor
Does not prevent against STD’s
No side effects & does not effect sexual pleasure

4. Hormonal Birth Control
Pills: Prescription pill containing estrogen & progestin taken orally to prevent pregancy
95-98% Effective
$20-$50/Month
Non-evasive, helps regulate period, prevents ovarian/endometrial cancer
Disadvantages:
Taken daily
Blood clots, weight gain, depression, nausea, breast tenderness
Must see doctor every 6-12 months for refill

5. Hormonal Birth Control
Vaginal Ring: Prescription ring inserted into the vagina and around the cervix, releases progesterone and estrogen to prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus
95-99% Effective
$35/Month
Put in place once and don’t worry about it, helps regulate period
New ring every 3 weeks
Ring must be in place for 7 consecutive days before effectiveness is assured
Nausea, weight gain, vaginal irritation

6. Hormonal Birth Control
The Patch: Prescription patch placed on skin of the abdomin, back, or arm which releases hormones into the blood stream
99% Effective
$30/Month
Easy to use & helps regulate menstrual cycle
Must be changed weekly
Does NOT protect against STD’s

7. Hormonal Birth Control
The Shot: Prescription injection of progesterone and/or estrogen
Depo-Provera: Injection every 3 months
Lunelle: Injection every month
97-99% Effective
$150/Injection
Decreases risk of ovarian & endometrial cancer and PID
Loss of bone density (not recommended for young girls)
Weight gain, mood swings, blood clots
Visit doctor every 1-3 months

8. Birth Control
Intrauterine Device: T-shaped device, put in the uterus by a physician
$250 plus cost of visits
COPPER or HORMONAL
Both kill sperm
99.9% Effective
Can be kept in place for 5 years
Can help regulate menstruation
Reduce risk of uterine/endometrial cancer
Does not protect against STI’s
Possibility of spotting or irregular bleeding
Falls out of 6% of women

9. Barrier Method Birth Control
Sponge: Over-the-counter, soft foam sponge that contains spermicide to disable sperm
$2.50-$3.00/Sponge
Placed in vagina over cervix, disables and absorbs sperm for up to 12 hours
91% Effective (Women who have not given birth)
80% Effective (Women who have given birth)
Does not contain hormones
Does not protect against STD’s
Could cause vaginal infection, irritation, or TSS

10. Barrier Method Birth Control
Cervical Cap: Thimble shaped silicone cap that fits over the cervix
$75 Plus cost of Dr Visits
Requires prescription and needs to be sized by healthcare professional
Blocks uterus so sperm cannot enter and fertilize
Must be left in vagina for 6-8 hours after intercourse
74-91% Effective
Contains no hormones & protects against some STI’s
Must be available at time of intercourse and properly inserted
May be dislodged during interourse
May cause unpleasant odor and/or discharge

11. Barrier Method Birth Control
Diaphragm: Prescription latex dome with a flexible steel ring positioned in the vagina over the cervix. Sized by a healthcare professional.
$30 Plus cost of Dr. visits
Blocks entry to the uterus so sperm cannot enter and fertilize the egg
Must be left in vagina 6-8 hrs after intercourse
84-95% Effective
Contains no hormones & protects against some STI’s
Must be available at time of intercourse and properly inserted
May increase the risk of reoccurring UTI’s
May be dislodged during intercourse

12. Barrier Method Birth Control
Female Condom: Soft, disposable polyurethane sheath
$2.50-$5.00 Each
Placed in, and lines vagina during intercourse
Prevents direct genital contact and exchange of bodily fluids
80-95% Effective
Protects against some STI’s
Must be inserted properly and available at time of intercourse
More expensive than male condoms
Makes noise during intercourse and may slip or break

13. Barrier Method Birth Control
Male Condom: Soft disposable sheath that fits over the erect penis (latex or non-latex)
Physical barrier that acts to prevent direct genital contact and the exchange of genital fluids
85-98% Effective
Easily available & protects against STI’s
Must be stored and handled properly
Must be available at time of intercourse
May slip or break
May reduce sensitivity for either partner

14. Emergency Contraception
Birth control you can use to prevent pregnancy up to five days (120 hours) after unprotected sex.
89% effective when taken within 72 hours.
Effectiveness decreases as time passes
Also known as the morning-after pill, emergency birth control, backup birth control, and by the brand names Plan B One-Step, ella, and Next Choice.
Take 2 pills as soon as possible following unprotected sex (or take 1, and another 12 hours later)
Side effects may include: Irregular period during your next menstrual cycle, vomiting, nausea, headache, dizziness, etc.
Available at health centers and drugstores without a prescription if you are 17 or older
Available to individuals younger than 17 with a prescription
Costs vary from $10 to $70 (but can cost more if you need to see a doctor for a prescription)
The morning after pill contains hormones progesterone and prevents a woman’s body from releasing eggs.
Also thickens the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to pass through
Thins the lining of the uterus which makes implantation difficult