1. THERMOGRAPHY

2. THE BASICS
NEAR INFRARED
MID INFRARED
THERMAL INFRARED

3. ATOMS TWO ENERGY ORBITALS LOW ENERGY ORBITAL HIGH ENERGY ORBITAL
ELECTRON MOVES TO HIGHER ORBIT
WHEN COMES BACK RELEASES ENERGY AS PHOTON

4. THERMAL ENERGY
Thermal images, or Thermograms, are actually visual displays of the amount of infrared energy emitted, transmitted, and reflected by an object.
Incident Energy = Emitted Energy + Transmitted Energy + Reflected Energy
Second law of thermodynamics and Emissivity

5. RADIATIVE HEAT EXCHANGE

6. EMISSIVITY
Emissivity is a term representing a material's ability to emit thermal radiation

7. THERMAL IMAGING SYSTEM

8. INFRARED TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT

9. MODERN INFRARED THERMOMETER

10. Planck's Equation shows, the peak energy shifts towards shorter wavelengths as the temperature increases.

11. TWO COLOR THERMOMETRY

12. TYPES OF INFRARED DETECTORS
UNCOOLED INFRARED DETECTOR
COOLED INFRARED DETECTOR
Use a sensor operating at ambient temperature.
Cooling is not necessary.
Use sensors that work by the change of resistance, voltage or current when heated by infrared radiation.
Use sensors with operating range from 4k to just below room temperature.
The cooling is necessary for the operation of the semiconductor materials used.
Use sensors that work by catching IR radiations.

13. Require cryogenic coolers for cooling.
UNCOOLED INFRARED DETECTOR
COOLED INFRARED DETECTOR
Do not require bulky, expensive cryogenic coolers
They are smaller and less costly.
Materials used for uncooled infrared detection are
vanadium(V) oxide
lanthanum barium manganite
amorphous silicon
lead zirconate titanate(PZT)
Lanthanum doped lead zirconate titanate
Require cryogenic coolers for cooling.
They are expensive both to produce and to run.
Materials used for cooled infrared detection are
indium antimonide
indium arsenide
mercury cadmium telluride
lead sulfide
lead selenide

14. ADVANTAGES It shows a visual picture
It is capable of catching moving targets in real time
It is able to find deteriorating
It can be used to measure or observe in areas inaccessible or hazardous for other methods
It is a non-destructive test method
It can be used to find defects
It can be used to detect objects in dark areas

15. DISADVANTAGES high price range
Images can be difficult to interpret accurately when based upon certain objects
Accurate temperature measurements are hindered by differing emissivities and reflections from other surfaces
Most cameras have ±2% accuracy or worse
Only able to directly detect surface temperatures

16. APPLICATIONS Condition monitoring
Digital infrared thermal imaging in health care
Thermology
Veterinary Thermal Imaging
Night vision
Research
Process control
Nondestructive testing
Surveillance in security, law enforcement and defence
Chemical imaging
Volcanology
Building

17. Condition monitoring

18. In health care

19. Process control
Steel Ladle
Manufacturing

20. Veterinary Thermal Imaging

21. Defence

22. Surveillance in security

23. REFERENCES
Rogalski A. and Chrzanowski K. 2002, “Infrared Devices and Techniques”, Contributed Paper: Opto-electronics Review
Darling, Charles R.; "Pyrometry. A Practical Treatise on the Measurement of High Temperatures." Published by E.&F.N. Spon Ltd. London. 1911
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24. THANK YOU
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