1. The New World
33,000 BC to 1769 AD

3. Shaping of North America
Supercontinent
Tectonic plate shifts
Canadian Shield
Eastern coastal plain  Coast to Appalachian Mountains
Midcontinental basin  Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains
Great Basin  Rockies to the east, Sierra Nevada/Cascades to west
San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers valleys  Coast Ranges on west
Ice Age – Canada, Pennsylvania, Ohio Country, Dakotas
Recession of glaciers – created current landscape

4. Peopling of North America
35,000 years ago – land bridge (Eurasia and North America)
Siberia and Alaska
1492 – 54 million people in Americas

5. Earliest Americans Agriculture – maize (corn)
Nomadic hunters  settled agriculture
American Southwest – Pueblo culture in Rio Grande
Mound Builders of Ohio River Valley
Mississippi culture of lower Midwest
Desert dwelling Anasazi of Southwest
Settled lifestyles  not commonplace
“Three Sister Farming” – beans, corn, squash
Matriarchy

7. Explorers Leif Erikson – Icelandic explorer, Vinland (Newfoundland)
Marco Polo – China (maybe, no real hard evidence)
Bartholomeu Dias – rounded southern tip of Africa
Vasco de Gama – first European to reach India by sea
Ferdinand Magellan – South America

10. The most successful failure
Africa
Portuguese voyages
Spain
Renaissance – printing presses
Mariner’s compass
Enter me (he says in parentheses): Christopher Columbus

12. Explorers that followed…
Giovanni Caboto – 1497 expedition to N.A. under Henry 7th
Vasco Nunez Balboa – Pacific Ocean
Juan Ponce de Leon – Florida
Francisco Coronado – ‘golden cities’ (but not really)
Hernando de Soto – another gold seeker
Hernan Cortes – fall of the Aztec empire
Francisco Pizarro – fall of the Incan empire

14. What does this mean for future exploration?
Spanish landed first but….
French followed suit with Jacques Cartier – St Lawrence River
St Augustine, Florida 1565
Conversion to Christianity
Pope’s Rebellion 1680
Overall, Spain as the “empire- builders” in the New World