1. Analysis of the shapes
Unit

2. A shape = the external appearance of objects or elements of nature
The imagination also creates shapes that can be represented by colours, textures and the configuration.
These representations can be more or less loyal to reality  therefore we have different artistic styles, ranging from REALISM to ABSTRACTION

3. 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHAPES
The characteristics of the shapes allow us to distinguish them
The form
The size
The material
The texture – the finish
The colour
Its position – its situation

4. THE FORM It refers to the structure of the shape
If it is two-dimensional, it can be: triangular, rectangular, square, circular or irregular
If it is three-dimensional, it can be: pyramidal, cubic, spherical or irregular

6. THE SIZE
The size of a shape is determined by its comparison to other figures that are around it.
E.g. an apple is small in comparison to a human being but it is big when we compare it to a fly.

8. THE MATERIAL The material
Refers to the elements the shape consists of e.g. wood, stone, etc.
It can also be soft or hard, light or heavy, etc.

9. A wooden table
A marble table
A soft teddy (bear)

10. THE TEXTURE- THE FINISH
The texture refers to the tactile or graphic sensation of the surface of the shape. It can be smooth, rough or granulated.
The finish is expressed by terms like shiny, matte, opaque, transparent, etc.

11. THE COLOUR
The colour
Is a relative feature, this is to say, it can change according to the lighting.

12. POSITION & SITUATION Its position – its situation
Position: If a shape is falling down, seen from the right, from the front, in profile, foreshortening, static or in movement, in motion.
Situation: refers to the space where a shape is situated: far, close, high, on its side, on a lower level, etc.

13. A speed boat The texture= smooth The finish= shiny The colour= black
The position=
seen from above
from a right angle
static
The situation=
close
from the side

14. 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHAPES
Simple and complex shapes
Simple shapes
Have a short outline and are easy to visualize and
to memorize, for example, a point or a line.

15. Complex shapes Their surface is made up of lines,
planes, textures, colours and relations
between them. In this case,
the eyes have to move quickly over
the entire area.

16. 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHAPES
Types of shapes
If we pay attention to its origin, shapes can be natural or artificial.
Natural shapes
Are those that come from nature, for example, a flower, an animal, the sun, the mountains or the rocks.
Artificial shapes
Are made by humans, for example, a building, a calculator, a light bulb or an article of clothing.

17. Artificial shapes
Natural shapes

18. 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHAPES
Types of shapes
If we pay attention to the regularity in the configuration of the shapes, they can be geometric and organic.
Geometric shapes
Are structured according to mathematical laws
Organic shapes
Have a more free configuration

19. Geometric shapes
Organic shapes

20. 2. DRAWING OF SHAPES The line (stroke)
The line is the graphic art with which a form is materialized.
There are different types of lines:
Fine
Thick
Uniform
Irregular
Continuous
Discontinuous
Broken
Slanted (inclinada)
With defined or open edges
Etc.

21. 2. DRAWING OF SHAPES
Types of drawings
Sketch (Boceto)
Draft
Drawing

22. 3. EXPRESSIVENESS OF THE SHAPES
Expressive resources
A drawing made by geometric shapes will create a visual sensation of order and seriousness.
If these shapes are also closed, this is to say, with continuing outlines, this sensation will be strengthened
Open shapes create a bigger sensation of movement than the closed shapes, because they have no defined outlines and their colours and textures are mixed with other shapes. Organic shapes will strengthen this visual effect.

24. 3. EXPRESSIVENESS OF THE SHAPES
The graphic expressivity during childhood
Stage of doodles or scribbles (2 years)
Preschematic stage (3-4 years)
Schematic stage (6 years)
Realistic stage (8-10 years)

25. 4. ARTISTIC STYLES
Style refers to the personal character that an artist gives to his work. It consists in the choice of some themes, the type of composition, the colours, graphic art and concrete textures that distinguish him from other artists.
There exist numerous styles or artistic tendencies. We distinguish three groups:
Realism
Abstraction
figuration

26. 4. ARTISTIC STYLES REALISM
We say that a work of art is realistic when it faithfully reflects the appearence of things.
Artistic realism
Scientific or analytic realism

27. 4. ARTISTIC STYLES ABSTRACTION
We say that a work of art is abstract when it does not reflect the objective reality, although sometimes the title of the work of art can evoke a real element.
Abstract expressionism
Geometric abstraction

28. 4. ARTISTIC STYLES FIGURATION
The figurative style includes a wide range of artistic tendencies, like:
Impressionism
Cubism
Expressionism
Surrealism
These tendencies use diverse stylistic modes like simplification, deformation or schematization.

29. Impressionism
(Van Gogh)
Cubism
(Picasso)

30. EXPRESSIONISM

31. SURREALISM